300+ Acronyms Used in K–12 Education: Definitions and Examples

Diversity, Equity & Inclusion in Schools

It is easy to get lost in the world of K12 education acronyms.

We’ve compiled 300+ K12 acronyms not just to prove a point, but to make the lives of school leaders, teachers, administrators, and parents easier!

While acronyms provide a quick way to reference and organize educational requirements, policies, programs, and processes, a communication style that relies heavily on them can quickly become a source of confusion for new teachers, parents, and ESL families.

Tip: Don’t rely solely on acronyms when communicating with families and community members, as this places a heavy cognitive load on stakeholders new to the topic.

Special Education and Student Support Acronyms (A–Z)

The roots to the K12 special education programs stem from 1975 when the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA), widely recognized as a landmark federal law for establishing the right to public education for students with disabilities, was passed. This law was renamed and expanded as Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in 1990.

These laws required schools to identify and support students with disabilities; evaluate students, provide services, and document progress in a consistent way. This led to Individualized Education Programs (IEPs).

Educators needed a practical way to record assessments, services, and goals across teams. Acronyms became a working shorthand in reports, meetings, and documentation. Today’s terminology reflects that layered system and the need to communicate quickly across educators, specialists, and administrators.

Note: The acronyms list includes special education acronyms listed on SELPA Administrators of California’s page: Parent Rights & Procedural Safeguards

504

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, a federal law that provides accommodations and supports for students with disabilities who do not qualify for special education services.

AAC

Augmentative and Alternative Communication, methods and devices that support communication for students who cannot rely on speech alone.

ABA

Applied Behavior Analysis, a therapy approach used to improve behavior, communication, and learning skills, often for students with autism.

ADR

Alternative Dispute Resolution, a voluntary process used to resolve disagreements between families and schools without a formal hearing.

ALJ

Administrative Law Judge, the official who presides over special education due process hearings and issues decisions.

APE

Adapted Physical Education, specialized physical education services designed to meet the needs of students with disabilities.

ARD

Admission, Review, and Dismissal, a Texas-based meeting where educators and families review and update a student’s special education services.

ASD

Autism Spectrum Disorder, a disability category characterized by challenges with communication, social interaction, and behavior.

BIP

Behavior Intervention Plan, a plan outlining strategies and supports to address and improve student behavior.

BCBA

Board Certified Behavior Analyst, a specialist trained in behavior analysis who designs and oversees behavior intervention plans.

BMP

Behavior Management Plan, a structured plan used to outline strategies, expectations, and supports for improving student behavior.

BT

Behavior Technician, a staff member who implements behavior support plans, often under supervision of a specialist.

DHH

Deaf and Hard of Hearing, a disability category for students with hearing impairments that impact learning.

DIS

Designated Instruction and Services, also known as related services, which include supports such as therapy and counseling provided through an IEP.

ED

Emotional Disturbance, an eligibility category for students with significant emotional or behavioral needs affecting learning.

ESCE

Early Childhood Special Education, services and support provided to young children (typically ages 3–5) with developmental delays or disabilities.

ESY

Extended School Year, services provided outside the regular school year for students who need continued support.

FAPE

Free Appropriate Public Education, a legal requirement ensuring students with disabilities receive appropriate education services at no cost.

FBA

Functional Behavior Assessment, an evaluation used to identify the causes and triggers of student behavior.

FIE

Full Individual Evaluation, a comprehensive assessment used to determine if a student qualifies for special education services and what supports are needed.

HI

Hearing Impairment, an eligibility category for students with hearing-related disabilities.

IA

Instructional Aide, a staff member who supports classroom instruction and assists students with learning tasks.

IAES

Interim Alternative Education Setting, a temporary placement used when a student is removed from their current placement due to disciplinary action.

ID

Intellectual Disability, a disability category involving significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.

IDEA

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, the federal law governing special education services and student rights.

IEE

Independent Educational Evaluation, an evaluation conducted by a qualified examiner not employed by the school district, often requested by parents.

IEP

Individualized Education Program, a legally required plan outlining services, accommodations, and goals for students with disabilities.

IFSP

Individualized Family Services Plan, a plan for early intervention services for infants and toddlers with developmental delays.

ITP

Individualized Transition Plan, a component of the IEP that outlines postsecondary goals and transition services for students.

LRE

Least Restrictive Environment, the requirement that students with disabilities are educated with peers to the greatest extent appropriate.

LSSP

Licensed Specialist in School Psychology, a professional who conducts evaluations and supports student mental health and behavior.

MD

Manifestation Determination, a review process used to determine whether a student’s behavior is related to their disability.

MTSS

Multi-Tiered System of Supports, a framework used to provide academic and behavioral support at multiple levels.

OAH

Office of Administrative Hearings, the agency that conducts due process hearings and resolves special education disputes.

OHI

Other Health Impairment, an eligibility category for students with health conditions that affect learning, such as ADHD.

OI

Orthopedic Impairment, a disability category involving physical impairments that affect mobility or physical functioning.

O&M

Orientation and Mobility, services that support students with visual impairments in navigating their environment safely.

OT

Occupational Therapist, a specialist who supports motor skills and daily functioning needed for school tasks.

Para

Paraprofessional, a staff member who provides instructional and behavioral support under teacher supervision.

PPCD

Preschool Program for Children with Disabilities, a public school program in Texas that provides special education services to children ages 3–5 with identified disabilities.

PRT

Pivotal Response Treatment, a behavioral intervention approach often used with students with autism to improve communication and social skills.

PT

Physical Therapist, a specialist who supports mobility, strength, and physical access in the school environment.

PWN

Prior Written Notice, a required document that explains the school’s decisions regarding identification, evaluation, placement, or services.

RBT

Registered Behavior Technician, certified staff who implement behavior plans under supervision of a behavior analyst.

RN

Registered Nurse

RSP

Resource Specialist Program, a service delivery model where students receive targeted support from a resource specialist teacher.

RTI

Response to Intervention, a framework used to identify and support students with learning and behavior needs.

SAI

Specialized Academic Instruction, individualized instruction provided to support students with disabilities in accessing the general education curriculum.

SLD

Specific Learning Disability, a disability category involving difficulties in areas such as reading, writing, or math.

SLI

Speech or Language Impairment, a disability category involving communication disorders such as stuttering or language delays.

SLP

Speech-Language Pathologist, a specialist who supports speech, language, and communication development.

SPED

Special Education, programs and services designed to support students with disabilities.

SST

Student Study Team, a school-based team that reviews student concerns and develops intervention strategies before special education referral.

SWD

Students with Disabilities, a general term used in reporting and data to refer to students receiving special education services.

TBI

Traumatic Brain Injury, an eligibility category for students with brain injuries affecting learning and functioning.

TEACCH

Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children, a structured teaching approach used to support students with autism.

Tier 1

Core instruction level provided to all students.

Tier 2

Targeted support level for students needing additional help.

Tier 3

Intensive support level providing individualized intervention.

VI

Visual Impairment, an eligibility category for students with vision-related disabilities.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Use case
504	Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, a federal law that provides accommodations and supports for students with disabilities who do not qualify for special education services	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives accommodations through a 504 plan.
AAC	Augmentative and Alternative Communication (methods and devices that support communication for students who cannot rely on speech alone)	Special Education	The student uses AAC to communicate in class.
ABA	Applied Behavior Analysis (therapy approach used to improve behavior, communication, and learning skills, often for students with autism)	Special Education	The student receives ABA support during the school day.
ADR	Alternative Dispute Resolution, a voluntary process used to resolve disagreements between families and schools without a formal hearing	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The district offered ADR to resolve the disagreement.
ALJ	Administrative Law Judge, the official who presides over special education due process hearings and issues decisions	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The ALJ issued a decision in the case.
APE	Adapted Physical Education, specialized physical education services designed to meet the needs of students with disabilities	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives APE services as part of the IEP.
ARD	Admission, Review, and Dismissal (Texas-based meeting where educators and families review and update a student’s special education services)	Special Education	The ARD committee met to review the student’s services.
ASD	Autism Spectrum Disorder, a disability category characterized by challenges with communication, social interaction, and behavior	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student qualifies for services under ASD.
BIP	Behavior Intervention Plan (a plan outlining strategies and supports to address and improve student behavior)	Special Education	The student has a BIP in place to support behavior.
BCBA	Board Certified Behavior Analyst, a specialist trained in behavior analysis who designs and oversees behavior intervention plans	Student Support	The BCBA reviewed the student’s behavior plan.
BMP	Behavior Management Plan, a structured plan used in general education or early intervention settings to outline strategies, expectations, and supports for improving student behavior	Student Support	In a middle school setting, a counselor or case manager may coordinate a BMP, with classroom teachers implementing consistent strategies, progress monitoring, and check-ins across multiple classes.
BT	Behavior Technician (staff member who implements behavior support plans, often under supervision of a specialist)	Staff / Support	The BT works with the student on behavior goals.
DHH	Deaf and Hard of Hearing, a disability category for students with hearing impairments that impact learning	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives DHH services.
DIS	Designated Instruction and Services, also known as related services, includes supports such as therapy and counseling provided through an IEP	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives DIS as part of the IEP.
ED	Emotional Disturbance (eligibility category for students with significant emotional or behavioral needs affecting learning)	Special Education	The student qualifies for services under ED.
ESCE	Early Childhood Special Education, services and support provided to young children (typically ages 3–5) with developmental delays or disabilities	Special Education	The student receives ESCE services to support communication and social development.
ESY	Extended School Year (services provided outside the regular school year for students who need continued support)	Special Education	The student qualifies for ESY services.
FAPE	Free Appropriate Public Education (legal requirement ensuring students with disabilities receive appropriate education services at no cost)	Special Education	Services are provided under FAPE.
FBA	Functional Behavior Assessment (evaluation used to identify the causes and triggers of student behavior)	Special Education	An FBA was conducted to understand behavior patterns.
FIE	Full Individual Evaluation (a comprehensive assessment used to determine if a student qualifies for special education services and what supports are needed)	Special Education	The school will conduct an FIE to evaluate the student’s needs.
HI	Hearing Impairment (eligibility category for students with hearing-related disabilities)	Special Education	The student receives services under HI.
IA	Instructional Aide (staff member who supports classroom instruction and assists students with learning tasks)	Staff / Support	The IA supports small group instruction.
IAES	Interim Alternative Education Setting, a temporary placement used when a student is removed from their current placement due to disciplinary action	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student was placed in an IAES during the disciplinary process.
ID	Intellectual Disability, a disability category involving significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student qualifies under ID.
IDEA	Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (federal law governing special education services and student rights)	Special Education	IDEA governs how IEP services are delivered.
IEE	Independent Educational Evaluation, an evaluation conducted by a qualified examiner not employed by the school district, often requested by parents	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The parent requested an IEE at public expense.
IEP	Individualized Education Program (a legally required plan outlining services, accommodations, and goals for students with disabilities)	Special Education	The IEP outlines the student’s goals and services.
IFSP	Individualized Family Services Plan, a plan for early intervention services for infants and toddlers with developmental delays	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The child transitioned from an IFSP to an IEP.
ITP	Individualized Transition Plan, a component of the IEP that outlines postsecondary goals and transition services for students	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The ITP outlines goals for life after high school.
LRE	Least Restrictive Environment (requirement that students with disabilities are educated with peers to the greatest extent appropriate)	Special Education	Placement decisions follow LRE guidelines.
LSSP	Licensed Specialist in School Psychology (professional who conducts evaluations and supports student mental health and behavior)	Student Support	The LSSP completed the student evaluation.
MD	Manifestation Determination, a review process used to determine whether a student’s behavior is related to their disability	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The team conducted an MD after the suspension.
MTSS	Multi-Tiered System of Supports, framework and team structure used to provide academic and behavioral support at multiple levels	Student Support	MTSS is provided in three different tiers for student support.
OAH	Office of Administrative Hearings, the agency that conducts due process hearings and resolves special education disputes	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The case was filed with OAH for a hearing.
OHI	Other Health Impairment (eligibility category for students with health conditions that affect learning, such as ADHD)	Special Education	The student qualifies under OHI.
OI	Orthopedic Impairment, a disability category involving physical impairments that affect mobility or physical functioning	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives services under OI.
O&M	Orientation and Mobility, services that support students with visual impairments in navigating their environment safely	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives O&M training for campus navigation.
OT	Occupational Therapist (specialist who supports motor skills and daily functioning needed for school tasks)	Student Support	The OT works with the student on fine motor skills.
Para	Paraprofessional (staff member who provides instructional and behavioral support under teacher supervision)	Staff / Support	The para assists the student during reading time.
PPCD	Preschool Program for Children with Disabilities, a public school program in Texas that provides special education services to children ages 3–5 with identified disabilities	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The child attends a PPCD classroom to receive speech therapy and structured support before kindergarten.
PRT	Pivotal Response Treatment, a behavioral intervention approach often used with students with autism to improve communication and social skills	Student Support	The student receives PRT services to support communication.
PT	Physical Therapist (specialist who supports mobility, strength, and physical access in the school environment)	Student Support	The PT supports the student’s mobility needs.
PWN	Prior Written Notice, a required document that explains the school’s decisions regarding identification, evaluation, placement, or services	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The district issued PWN after the IEP meeting.
RBT	Registered Behavior Technician (certified staff member who implements behavior plans under supervision of a behavior analyst)	Staff / Support	The RBT supports the student’s behavior plan.
RN	Registered Nurse	Student Support	The RN supports student health.
RSP	Resource Specialist Program, a service delivery model where students receive targeted support from a resource specialist teacher	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives RSP support in math.
RTI	Response to Intervention	Student Support	The student receives RTI support.
SAI	Specialized Academic Instruction, individualized instruction provided to support students with disabilities in accessing the general education curriculum	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives SAI for reading support.
SLD	Specific Learning Disability, a disability category involving difficulties in areas such as reading, writing, or math	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student qualifies under SLD.
SLI	Speech or Language Impairment, a disability category involving communication disorders such as stuttering or language delays	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student qualifies under SLI.
SLP	Speech-Language Pathologist (specialist who supports speech, language, and communication development)	Student Support	The SLP works with the student on speech skills.
SPED	Special Education (program and services designed to support students with disabilities)	Special Education	She teaches in SPED.
SST	Student Study Team, a school-based team that reviews student concerns and develops intervention strategies prior to special education referral	Student Support	The SST reviewed the student’s progress and interventions.
SWD	Students with Disabilities, a general term used in reporting and data to refer to students receiving special education services	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The report includes outcomes for SWD.
TBI	Traumatic Brain Injury (eligibility category for students with brain injuries affecting learning and functioning)	Special Education	The student receives services under TBI.
TEACCH	Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children, a structured teaching approach used to support students with autism	Student Support	The classroom uses TEACCH strategies.
Tier 1	Core instruction level	Student Support	All students receive Tier 1 instruction.
Tier 2	Targeted support level	Student Support	The student receives Tier 2 support.
Tier 3	Intensive support level	Student Support	Tier 3 provides individualized support.
VI	Visual Impairment (eligibility category for students with vision-related disabilities)	Special Education	The student receives VI services.

Report Card Acronyms and Abbreviations — Abreviaturas y acrónimos en las boletas escolares (A—Z)

If you’re looking for K12 acronyms and abbreviations, head over to the student report cards!

Acronyms and abbreviations show up in shortened subject names, standards-based grading systems, and course levels, credit indicators, assessment scores, and attendance codes.

A decent report card explains all the acronyms and abbreviations and doesn’t assume that parents know them. Additionally, providing more detail on how a standards-based grade level, such as ES, MS, AS, or PR, is assessed is significant and helps parents better understand.

Report cards are considered “vital information,” and, under federal law, Title VI of the Civil Rights Act (1964), schools have a legal obligation to provide the information in parents’ home languages.

ABS

Absence, indicates the number of days a student was absent from school.

ALG

Algebra, a mathematics course covering algebraic concepts such as equations and variables.

AP

Advanced Placement, a college-level course offered in high school.

AP

Approaching Proficient, indicates a student is close to meeting expectations but still needs development.

ART

Art, a course focused on visual arts and creative expression.

AS

Approaching Standard, indicates the student is progressing toward grade-level expectations but has not fully met them.

ATT

Attendance, a summary of the student’s attendance record.

BIO

Biology, a science course studying living organisms and biological systems.

BS

Below Standard, indicates the student is performing below grade-level expectations.

CHEM

Chemistry, a science course covering chemical reactions and the properties of matter.

CIT

Citizenship, a rating that evaluates a student’s responsibility, behavior, and respect.

CON

Conduct, an evaluation of a student’s classroom behavior.

CR

Credit, indicates credit earned for completing a course.

DET

Detention, a disciplinary consequence requiring a student to remain after school.

DISC

Discipline, notes or records related to student behavior or disciplinary actions.

E

Excused Absence, an absence approved by the school or justified by a parent note.

EOY

End of Year, indicates results or progress measured at the end of the academic year.

EFF

Effort, a measure of the level of effort a student demonstrates in coursework.

ELA

English Language Arts, the core literacy subject including reading, writing, grammar, and communication skills.

ENG

English, a course focused on literature, writing, and analysis of texts.

ES

Exceeds Standard, indicates the student performs above grade-level expectations.

GEO

Geometry, a mathematics course covering geometric concepts such as shapes, angles, and proofs.

GPA

Grade Point Average, the numerical average of grades used to measure academic performance.

HIST

History, a course studying historical events and their impact on society.

HON

Honors, an advanced-level course with more rigorous academic expectations.

HW

Homework, indicates the completion or quality of assigned take-home work.

INC

Incomplete, a temporary grade indicating assignments are missing.

IP

In Progress, indicates that a skill or course is still being evaluated.

ISS

In-School Suspension, a disciplinary consequence where a student is removed from class but remains in school.

NP

Needs Practice, indicates the student requires additional practice to demonstrate mastery.

MATH

Mathematics, the general mathematics subject covering various areas depending on grade level.

MS

Meets Standard, indicates the student meets grade-level expectations.

MUS

Music, a course covering music theory, performance, and appreciation.

NC

No Credit, indicates a course was completed but credit was not awarded.

NG

No Grade, indicates a grade cannot be issued due to insufficient work or information.

N

Needs Improvement, indicates behavior or work habits need improvement.

O

Outstanding, the highest rating for behavior or citizenship.

ORG

Organization, evaluates a student’s ability to stay organized with materials and assignments.

OSS

Out-of-School Suspension, a disciplinary action where a student is suspended from school.

PART

Participation, evaluates a student’s engagement in classroom activities.

PE

Physical Education, a course promoting physical fitness, movement, and health.

PR

Progress, indicates the student has met grade-level expectations for the evaluated skill or subject.

PRG

Progress, indicates improvement toward learning goals noted by the teacher.

S

Satisfactory, indicates acceptable behavior or work habits.

SBG

Standards-Based Grading, a grading system that evaluates mastery of learning standards.

SCI

Science, the general science subject which may include biology, chemistry, or physics.

SPAN

Spanish, a course in the Spanish language.

SS

Social Studies, a course covering history, civics, and geography.

STEM

Science Technology Engineering Mathematics, an academic program integrating science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

T

Tardy, indicates a student arrived late to school or class.

U

Unexcused Absence, an absence without an approved explanation.

WL

World Language, a course in a language other than English such as Spanish or French.

Acronym	Stands for	Category	Description	Descripción (Español – Explicación para familias)	Example
ABS	Absence	Attendance	Indicates the number of days a student was absent from school.	Indica la cantidad de días que el estudiante estuvo ausente de la escuela.	ABS: 3
ALG	Algebra	Subject	Mathematics course covering algebraic concepts.	Curso de matemáticas que enseña conceptos de álgebra como ecuaciones y variables.	ALG grade B+
AP	Advanced Placement	Academic Program	College-level course offered in high school.	Curso avanzado de nivel universitario ofrecido en la escuela secundaria.	AP Biology listed on report card
AP	Approaching Proficient	Standards-Based Grade	Student is close to meeting expectations but needs more development.	Indica que el estudiante está cerca de cumplir con las expectativas del nivel de grado, pero todavía necesita mejorar en esa área.	Writing skills rated AP.
ART	Art	Subject	Course focused on visual arts and creative expression.	Clase enfocada en artes visuales y expresión creativa.	ART participation grade A
AS	Approaching Standard	Standards-Based Grade	Student is progressing toward grade-level expectations.	El estudiante está progresando hacia el nivel esperado, pero aún no lo alcanza completamente.	Writing marked AS
ATT	Attendance	Attendance	Summary of student attendance record.	Resumen del registro de asistencia del estudiante durante el período escolar.	ATT: 95%
BIO	Biology	Subject	Science course studying living organisms.	Curso de ciencias que estudia los seres vivos y los sistemas biológicos.	BIO semester grade A-
BS	Below Standard	Standards-Based Grade	Student is performing below grade-level expectations.	Indica que el estudiante está por debajo del nivel académico esperado para su grado.	Spelling rated BS
CHEM	Chemistry	Subject	Science course covering chemical reactions and properties of matter.	Curso de ciencias que estudia las propiedades de la materia y las reacciones químicas.	CHEM lab grade B
CIT	Citizenship	Behavior	Rating of student behavior and responsibility.	Evaluación del comportamiento, responsabilidad y respeto del estudiante.	CIT marked S
CON	Conduct	Behavior	Evaluation of classroom conduct.	Evaluación de la conducta del estudiante en el salón de clases.	CON marked S
CR	Credit	Course Status	Indicates credit earned for completing a course.	Indica que el estudiante recibió crédito por completar un curso.	CR: 1.0
DET	Detention	Discipline	Student assigned detention as disciplinary consequence.	Consecuencia disciplinaria donde el estudiante debe permanecer después de clases.	DET issued
DISC	Discipline	Behavior	Notes related to student discipline.	Notas o registros relacionados con disciplina escolar.	DISC note added
E	Excused Absence	Attendance	Absence approved by school or parent note.	Ausencia que fue justificada por los padres o aprobada por la escuela.	E: 1
EOY	End of Year	Reporting Period	ndicates results or progress measured at the end of the academic year.	Indica que el resultado o el progreso se midió al final del año escolar.	EOY reading level reported.
EFF	Effort	Work Habits	Level of effort shown in coursework.	Mide el nivel de esfuerzo que el estudiante demuestra en su trabajo escolar.	EFF marked S
ELA	English Language Arts	Subject	Core literacy subject including reading and writing.	Materia principal que incluye lectura, escritura, gramática y comunicación en inglés.	ELA grade A
ENG	English	Subject	Course focused on literature and composition.	Curso de inglés enfocado en literatura, escritura y análisis de textos.	ENG grade B+
ES	Exceeds Standard	Standards-Based Grade	Student performs above grade-level expectations.	Indica que el estudiante supera las expectativas del nivel de grado.	Reading marked ES
GEO	Geometry	Subject	Mathematics course covering geometric concepts.	Curso de matemáticas que enseña conceptos de geometría como figuras y ángulos.	GEO grade B
GPA	Grade Point Average	Academic Indicator	Average of grades used to measure academic performance.	Promedio general de calificaciones del estudiante en todas las materias.	GPA 3.7
HIST	History	Subject	Course covering historical events and analysis.	Curso que estudia eventos históricos y su impacto en la sociedad.	HIST grade B
HON	Honors	Academic Program	Advanced-level course with more rigorous expectations.	Curso avanzado con mayor nivel de dificultad que una clase regular.	HON English listed
HW	Homework	Work Habits	Indicates homework completion or quality.	Indica la calidad o cumplimiento de las tareas asignadas para la casa.	HW completion improving
INC	Incomplete	Grading	Temporary grade indicating assignments are missing.	Calificación temporal que indica que faltan tareas o trabajos por entregar.	INC until work submitted
IP	In Progress	Progress Indicator	Skill or course still being evaluated.	Significa que el trabajo o la habilidad todavía está en proceso de evaluación.	Writing marked IP
ISS	In-School Suspension	Discipline	Student temporarily removed from class but remains in school.	Suspensión disciplinaria donde el estudiante permanece en la escuela pero fuera de su clase regular.	ISS recorded
NP	Needs Practice	Standards-Based Grade	Student requires more practice to demonstrate mastery.	Indica que el estudiante necesita más práctica para demostrar dominio de la habilidad o el concepto.	Math fact fluency marked NP.
MATH	Mathematics	Subject	General mathematics subject.	Materia de matemáticas que puede incluir diferentes áreas según el grado.	MATH grade A
MS	Meets Standard	Standards-Based Grade	Student meets grade-level expectations.	Indica que el estudiante cumple con las expectativas académicas del grado.	Math skills MS
MUS	Music	Subject	Course covering music theory and performance.	Clase relacionada con música, teoría musical o interpretación musical.	MUS grade A
NC	No Credit	Course Status	Course completed without earning credit.	Indica que el estudiante completó el curso pero no obtuvo crédito académico.	NC recorded
NG	No Grade	Grading	Grade cannot be issued due to insufficient work.	Significa que no se puede asignar una calificación debido a falta de información o trabajo.	NG after transfer
N	Needs Improvement	Behavior	Behavior or work habits need improvement.	Indica que el comportamiento o los hábitos de trabajo necesitan mejorar.	Homework marked N
O	Outstanding	Behavior	Highest behavior rating.	La calificación más alta para comportamiento o ciudadanía.	O for cooperation
ORG	Organization	Work Habits	Student ability to stay organized.	Evalúa qué tan bien el estudiante organiza su trabajo y materiales.	ORG noted
OSS	Out-of-School Suspension	Discipline	Student suspended from school.	Suspensión disciplinaria donde el estudiante debe quedarse en casa por un período determinado.	OSS recorded
PART	Participation	Work Habits	Student engagement in class activities.	Evalúa el nivel de participación del estudiante en actividades de clase.	PART noted
PE	Physical Education	Subject	Course promoting fitness and physical activity.	Clase de educación física enfocada en actividad física y salud.	PE grade A
PR	Progress	Standards-Based Grade	Indicates the student has met grade-level expectations for the skill or subject being evaluated.		Reading comprehension marked PR
PRG	Progress	Teacher Comment	Indicates improvement toward learning goals.	Indica progreso o mejora del estudiante en una habilidad o materia.	PRG noted
S	Satisfactory	Behavior	Acceptable behavior or work habits.	Indica comportamiento o desempeño aceptable.	Participation rated S
SBG	Standards-Based Grading	Grading System	System evaluating mastery of learning standards.	Sistema de calificación que evalúa el dominio de habilidades o estándares específicos.	District uses SBG
SCI	Science	Subject	General science subject.	Materia de ciencias que puede incluir biología, física u otras áreas científicas.	SCI grade B+
SPAN	Spanish	Subject	Spanish language course.	Curso de idioma español.	SPAN vocabulary grade A
SS	Social Studies	Subject	Course covering history, civics, and geography.	Materia que incluye historia, geografía y estudios cívicos.	SS grade B
STEM	Science Technology Engineering Mathematics	Academic Program	Integrated STEM course or program.	Programa o curso que integra ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas.	STEM elective listed
T	Tardy	Attendance	Student arrived late to school or class.	Indica que el estudiante llegó tarde a la escuela o a clase.	T: 2
U	Unexcused Absence	Attendance	Absence without approved explanation.	Ausencia que no fue justificada ni aprobada por la escuela.	U: 1
WL	World Language	Subject	Course in a language other than English.	Curso de idioma extranjero como español, francés u otro idioma.	WL grade B

Academic Programs and Assessments Acronyms (A–Z)

Acronym	Definition	Category	Example use
ACCUPLACER	College placement test	Assessment	Students take the ACCUPLACER for course placement.
ACT	College entrance exam (standardized test used for college admissions, including subject-based sections)	Assessment	She took the ACT this spring.
AP	Advanced Placement (college-level courses offered in high school that can earn college credit)	Academic Programs	She is enrolled in AP Biology.
AP Exam	End-of-course exam for AP classes (standardized test used to determine eligibility for college credit)	Assessment	She passed the AP Exam to earn college credit.
AYP	Adequate Yearly Progress, a former federal measure of school performance under No Child Left Behind (NCLB)	Assessment	The school met AYP targets.
B.E.S.T.	Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking, Florida’s standards for English language arts and math	State Learning Standards	The curriculum was updated to reflect B.E.S.T. standards.
CBA	Curriculum-Based Assessment, a method of evaluating student progress using materials and skills directly tied to the curriculum being taught, often used alongside CBM to monitor performance over time	Assessment	Teachers use CBA results to determine whether students are meeting expected benchmarks in reading and math.
CBM	Curriculum-Based Measurement	Assessment	Teachers use CBM to track progress.
CCR	College and Career Readiness	Academic Outcomes	The program supports CCR goals.
CCSS	Common Core State Standards	Learning Standards	The curriculum aligns with CCSS.
CTE	Career and Technical Education	Academic Programs	Students enroll in CTE pathways.
DAP	Developmentally Appropriate Practice	Academic Programs	Teachers use DAP to guide classroom activities.
DIBELS	Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills	Assessment	DIBELS measures reading skills.
DE	Dual Enrollment (college courses taken while in high school, often through a local college)	Academic Programs	She is enrolled in DE math through a local college.
DC	Dual Credit (courses that count for both high school and college credit simultaneously)	Academic Programs	The student completed DC English and earned college credit.
ECHS	Early College High School (program where students can earn significant college credit or an associate degree while in high school)	Academic Programs	Students in ECHS may graduate with an associate degree.
EOC	End-of-Course exam (state-required test given after completing specific high school courses)	Assessment	Students must pass the EOC to graduate.
ERB	Educational Records Bureau (organization that provides standardized assessments commonly used by independent schools)	Assessment	The school uses ERB testing to assess student performance.
GATE	Gifted and Talented Education, programs and services designed to support students with advanced academic ability through accelerated or enriched instruction (terminology and eligibility vary by state and district)	Academic Programs	he student participates in the school’s GATE program for advanced learners.
GPA	Grade Point Average	Academic	Her GPA improved this semester.
GT	Gifted and Talented	Academic Programs	The student participates in GT.
IB	International Baccalaureate (a globally recognized academic program with rigorous coursework and assessments)	Academic Programs	She is in the IB program.
ISEE	Independent School Entrance Exam (admissions test used by many private and independent schools)	Assessment	Students applying to private schools may take the ISEE.
MAP	Measures of Academic Progress	Assessment	Students take MAP tests.
NAEP	National Assessment of Educational Progress	Assessment	NAEP provides national benchmarks.
NGSS	Next Generation Science Standards, a multi-state framework that defines what students should know and be able to do in science	State Learning Standards (Multi-state adoption)	Science units are aligned to NGSS performance expectations.
NWEA	NWEA Assessment organization that develops MAP Growth assessments used to measure student progress over time Assessment NWEA MAP scores show growth. Originally stood for Northwest Evaluation Association.	Assessment	The student's NWEA MAP scores show growth.
PAARC	Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers, a multi-state consortium that developed standardized tests aligned with Common Core standards; widely used in the mid-2010s but later replaced by state-specific assessments	Assessment (Former)	Several states administered PARCC exams to measure student readiness for college-level work.
PSAT	Preliminary SAT (practice exam that also qualifies students for scholarship programs)	Assessment	Students take the PSAT.
SAT	College entrance exam (standardized test used by colleges for admissions decisions)	Assessment	He is preparing for the SAT.
SOL	Standards of Learning, Virginia’s academic standards used to define learning expectations and assessments	State Learning Standards	Students are tested annually based on SOL requirements.
SSAT	Secondary School Admission Test (standardized test used for admission to independent and private schools)	Assessment	The student is preparing for the SSAT.

ACCUPLACER

College placement test, an assessment used by many colleges to determine appropriate course placement for incoming students.

ACT

College entrance exam, a standardized test used for college admissions that includes subject-based sections.

AP

Advanced Placement, college-level courses offered in high school that may allow students to earn college credit.

AP Exam

End-of-course exam for Advanced Placement classes, a standardized test used to determine eligibility for college credit.

AYP

Adequate Yearly Progress, a former federal measure of school performance under the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) law.

B.E.S.T.

Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking, Florida’s academic standards for English language arts and mathematics.

CBA

Curriculum-Based Assessment, a method of evaluating student progress using materials and skills directly tied to the curriculum being taught.

CBM

Curriculum-Based Measurement, an assessment method used to track student progress over time using brief, frequent measures.

CCR

College and Career Readiness, a goal that prepares students with the knowledge and skills needed for success after high school.

CCSS

Common Core State Standards, a set of learning standards used by many states to define expectations in mathematics and English language arts.

CTE

Career and Technical Education, programs that provide students with practical skills and training for specific careers or industries.

DAP

Developmentally Appropriate Practice, an educational approach that matches teaching methods to children’s age, development, and individual needs.

DIBELS

Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills, a set of assessments used to measure early reading development.

DE

Dual Enrollment, college courses taken while in high school, often through a local college.

DC

Dual Credit, courses that count simultaneously for both high school and college credit.

ECHS

Early College High School, a program that allows students to earn significant college credit or an associate degree while still in high school.

EOC

End-of-Course exam, a state-required test given after completing certain high school courses.

ERB

Educational Records Bureau, an organization that provides standardized assessments commonly used by independent schools.

GATE

Gifted and Talented Education, programs and services designed to support students with advanced academic ability through accelerated or enriched instruction.

GPA

Grade Point Average, the numerical average of grades used to measure academic performance.

GT

Gifted and Talented, programs designed to support students with advanced academic abilities.

IB

International Baccalaureate, a globally recognized academic program offering rigorous coursework and assessments.

ISEE

Independent School Entrance Exam, an admissions test used by many private and independent schools.

MAP

Measures of Academic Progress, a computer-adaptive assessment used to measure student learning growth over time.

NAEP

National Assessment of Educational Progress, a national assessment that provides benchmarks for student achievement across the United States.

NGSS

Next Generation Science Standards, a multi-state framework describing what students should know and be able to do in science.

NWEA

Northwest Evaluation Association, an organization that develops MAP Growth assessments used to measure student progress over time.

PARCC

Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers, a multi-state consortium that developed standardized tests aligned with Common Core standards.

PSAT

Preliminary SAT, a practice exam that also qualifies students for certain scholarship programs.

SAT

Scholastic Assessment Test, a standardized college entrance exam used by many colleges for admissions decisions.

SOL

Standards of Learning, Virginia’s academic standards that define learning expectations and assessments.

SSAT

Secondary School Admission Test, a standardized exam used for admission to independent and private schools.

Student Safety and Discipline Acronyms (A–Z)

BIR

Behavior Incident Report, a formal record used to document student behavior incidents such as bullying, disruptions, or policy violations.

DASA

Dignity for All Students Act, a New York law focused on preventing bullying and harassment in schools.

HIB

Harassment, Intimidation, or Bullying, a formal classification used in some states for documenting and investigating bullying incidents.

ISS

In-School Suspension, a disciplinary action where a student is removed from regular classes but remains in school.

ODR

Office Discipline Referral, a report used to refer a student to school administration for behavioral concerns or disciplinary action.

OSS

Out-of-School Suspension, a disciplinary action where a student is temporarily removed from school due to serious behavior violations.

PBIS

Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, a school-wide framework that promotes positive behavior and reduces disciplinary incidents through proactive strategies.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Use case
BIR	Behavior Incident Report, a formal record used to document student behavior incidents such as bullying, disruptions, or policy violations	Student Behavior / Discipline	The teacher submitted a BIR after documenting repeated bullying behavior during recess.
DASA	Dignity for All Students Act, a New York law focused on preventing bullying and harassment in schools	State Law / Student Safety	Schools follow DASA guidelines when reporting and addressing bullying incidents.
HIB	Harassment, Intimidation, or Bullying, a formal classification used in some states for documenting and investigating bullying incidents	Student Safety / Compliance	The incident was classified as HIB and required formal documentation and follow-up.
ISS	In-School Suspension, a disciplinary action where a student is removed from regular classes but remains in school	Discipline	The student was assigned ISS following repeated behavior incidents.
ODR	Office Discipline Referral, a report used to refer a student to school administration for behavioral concerns or disciplinary action	Student Behavior / Discipline	The student received an ODR after continued classroom disruptions and unsafe behavior.
OSS	Out-of-School Suspension, a disciplinary action where a student is temporarily removed from school due to serious behavior violations	Discipline	The student received OSS after a confirmed bullying incident.
PBIS	Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, a school-wide framework that promotes positive behavior and reduces disciplinary incidents through proactive strategies	School Climate / Behavior Support	The PBIS team reviewed data to reduce bullying incidents and improve school climate.

English Learner and Multilingual Education Acronyms (A–Z)

AMAO

Annual Measurable Achievement Objectives, targets used in federal programs to track the progress of English learners and evaluate program effectiveness.

CBI

Content-Based Instruction, an instructional approach where students learn language through subject matter content such as science or history rather than isolated language drills.

CLT

Communicative Language Teaching, an instructional approach focused on meaningful communication and real-life language use.

DELAC

District English Learner Advisory Committee, a district-level committee that advises schools on programs and services for English learners or multilingual learners.

DLI

Dual Language Immersion, a program where students learn in two languages, such as English and Spanish, to develop bilingualism and biliteracy.

EB

Emergent Bilingual, a term used in some states, including Texas, for students developing English proficiency.

EL

English Learner, a student who is learning English in addition to another language and may qualify for language support services.

ELAC

English Learner Advisory Committee, a school-level committee that provides input on programs and support for English learners or multilingual learners.

ELD

English Language Development, instruction and standards focused on helping English learners develop proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

ELL

English Language Learner, a commonly used term for students who are learning English in addition to another language.

ELPAC

English Language Proficiency Assessments for California, the statewide assessment used to measure English learner proficiency in California.

ELPS

English Language Proficiency Standards, standards that guide instruction and language supports for English learners.

ESL

English as a Second Language, instruction and services designed to support students learning English.

LEP

Limited English Proficient, an older term still found in some policies and documents referring to students classified as English learners.

MFEL

Monitored Former English Learner, a student who has exited English learner status and is monitored for a period of time to ensure continued academic success.

SEI

Structured English Immersion, an instructional approach where lessons are delivered primarily in English with strategies that support language development.

SIOP

Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol, a framework used to plan and deliver instruction that helps English learners access grade-level academic content.

TELPAS

Texas English Language Proficiency Assessment System, the annual assessment used in Texas to measure English learner progress in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

TBLT

Task-Based Language Teaching, an instructional approach where students learn a language by completing meaningful tasks that require communication.

TWI

Two-Way Immersion, a dual language program model where native English speakers and native speakers of another language learn together using both languages.

WIDA

WIDA, a consortium that provides English language development standards and assessments used by many states to support multilingual learners.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Example use
AMAO	Annual Measurable Achievement Objectives, targets used in federal programs to track English learner progress (term used in earlier federal accountability frameworks and still referenced in some documents)	Federal Reporting / Accountability	The district reviewed AMAO-related targets when evaluating English learner progress and program outcomes.
CBI	Content-Based Instruction, an approach where students learn language through subject matter content (e.g., science, history) rather than isolated language drills	Instructional Approach	The ESL teacher used CBI to teach vocabulary and reading skills through a unit on ecosystems.
CLT	Communicative Language Teaching, an instructional approach focused on meaningful communication and real-life language use	Instructional Approach	The teacher used CLT activities so ELL students could practice short conversations in pairs.
DELAC	District English Learner Advisory Committee, a district-level committee that advises on services and programs for English learners / multilingual learners	Committee / Family Engagement	DELAC reviewed district plans for multilingual learner services and family outreach.
DLI	Dual Language Immersion, a program where students learn in two languages (e.g., English and Spanish) to develop bilingualism and biliteracy	Program Model	The school offers a DLI program where students learn math and science in Spanish and English.
EB	Emergent Bilingual, a term used in some states (including Texas) for students developing English proficiency	Student Group / Terminology	Teachers used EB strategies to support language development during reading and science.
EL	English Learner, a student who is learning English in addition to another language and may qualify for language support services	Student Group / Terminology	The campus reviewed EL progress data to plan language supports for the semester.
ELAC	English Learner Advisory Committee, a school-level committee that provides input on services and support for English learners / multilingual learners	Committee / Family Engagement	ELAC provided input on family communication and services for English learners.
ELD	English Language Development, instruction and standards focused on developing English proficiency for English learners	Instruction / Standards	Teachers integrate ELD goals into reading and writing lessons for English learners.
ELL	English Language Learner, a commonly used term for an English Learner (EL)	Student Group / Terminology	The teacher provided sentence frames to support ELL students during class discussions.
ELPAC	English Language Proficiency Assessments for California, the statewide assessment used to measure English learner proficiency in California	Assessment	Students take the ELPAC to measure progress in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
ELPS	English Language Proficiency Standards, standards that guide instruction for English learners (term used in Texas and other contexts)	Instruction / Standards	Teachers align language supports to ELPS while teaching grade-level content.
ESL	English as a Second Language, instruction and services designed to support students learning English	Program / Services	The student receives ESL support during the school day to build vocabulary and comprehension.
LEP	Limited English Proficient, an older term still found in some policies and legacy documents for students classified as English learners	Student Group / Terminology (Legacy)	A legacy report listed the student as LEP, meaning they qualified for English learner supports.
MFEL	Monitored Former English Learner, a student who has exited English learner status and is monitored for a period of time to ensure continued academic success	Student Group / Monitoring	After reclassification, the student is listed as MFEL and monitored to ensure continued progress in classes.
SEI	Structured English Immersion, an approach where instruction is delivered primarily in English with strategies that support language development	Instructional Approach	Teachers used SEI strategies to make grade-level lessons understandable while building English proficiency.
SIOP	Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol, a framework for planning and delivering instruction that supports English learners in accessing grade-level content	Instructional Framework	The team used SIOP strategies to support language development in science and social studies.
TELPAS	Texas English Language Proficiency Assessment System, the annual assessment used in Texas to measure English learner progress in listening, speaking, reading, and writing	Assessment	Students take TELPAS each spring to measure English proficiency growth.
TBLT	Task-Based Language Teaching, an instructional approach where students learn a language by completing meaningful tasks that require communication, such as problem solving or role-playing real-life situations	Program Model	In a TBLT lesson, students practiced English by planning a class event together.
TWI	Two-Way Immersion, a dual language program model where native English speakers and native speakers of another language learn together using both languages	Program Model	In the TWI classroom, English and Spanish speakers learn together using both languages daily.
WIDA	WIDA, a consortium that provides English language development standards and assessments used by many states to support multilingual learners	Standards / Assessment System	WIDA scores guide language instruction and placement decisions for multilingual learners.

Reading Level Acronyms (A–Z)

Student reading assessment began already in the 1920’s. At that time, all the way to 1950’s, the focus was on supporting learning by scoring the difficulty level of texts, to provide students the right materials. The shift to measure and understand reading comprehension began in the 1980’s and 1990’s when the systems also factored in student’s knowledge, fluency, and context. The scoring would also measure this understanding rather than just the ability to read certain texts and decode words.

Reading assessment acronyms are popular because they give educators a quick way to label, share, and track reading levels without having to write out full system names every time. Those letter-number combo stickers have a long history and they carry a lot of meaning!

AR

Accelerated Reader, a reading program that tracks students’ independent reading practice and comprehension through quizzes and goals.

DRA

Developmental Reading Assessment, an assessment used to measure a student’s reading level and monitor progress over time.

F&P

Fountas and Pinnell Benchmark Assessment System, a reading assessment used to determine guided reading levels from A to Z.

GE

Grade Equivalent, a score that compares a student’s reading performance to the typical level of students at a specific grade and month.

GRL

Guided Reading Level, a leveled reading system, often using letters A–Z, used to match students with appropriately challenging texts.

IRLA

Independent Reading Level Assessment, an assessment used to track students’ independent reading development.

Lexile

Lexile Measure, a reading scale that matches student reading ability with the complexity of texts.

MAP

Measures of Academic Progress, a computer-adaptive assessment used by many districts to measure student growth in reading and math during the school year.

STEP

Strategic Teaching and Evaluation of Progress, an assessment used in elementary grades to evaluate decoding, fluency, comprehension, and writing about reading.

Acronym	Description	Category	Use case
AR	Accelerated Reader, a program that tracks reading practice and comprehension	Reading Assessment	The student met their AR reading goal this quarter.
DRA	Developmental Reading Assessment, measures a student’s reading level and progress	Reading Assessment	The student is currently reading at a DRA level 28.
F&P	Fountas and Pinnell Benchmark Assessment System, used to determine guided reading levels (A–Z)	Reading Assessment	The student is reading at an F&P level M.
GE	Grade Equivalent, a score that compares a student’s reading performance to the typical level of students at a specific grade and month (e.g., 4.5)	Reading Assessment	The student is reading at a GE of 4.5 based on the latest assessment.
GRL	Guided Reading Level, a leveled system (often A–Z) used in reading instruction	Reading Assessment	The teacher shared the student’s GRL during conferences.
IRLA	Independent Reading Level Assessment, used to track reading development	Reading Assessment	The student advanced to a new IRLA level.
Lexile	A reading measure based on text complexity and student ability	Reading Assessment	The student has a Lexile level of 850L.
MAP	Measures of Academic Progress, A computer-adaptive test used by many districts to measure student growth in reading and math during the school year.	Academic Assessment	Some districts test students two or three times per year in reading and math using MAP.
STEP	Strategic Teaching and Evaluation of Progress, STEPS is used in elementary grades to evaluate decoding, fluency, comprehension, and writing about reading.	Reading Assessment	The student’s STEP reading level is 6J, which indicates she is reading above the expected grade-level standard.

Teaching Methods & Learning Programs (A–Z)

5E

Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate, an inquiry-based instructional model often used in science education that guides students through investigation and understanding.

CARR

Content, Activity, Reflection, Review, an instructional approach where students learn through meaningful tasks that may involve problem solving or real-world communication.

CBI

Content-Based Instruction, an approach where students learn language through subject matter content such as science or history rather than isolated language drills.

CBL

Challenge-Based Learning, a framework where students solve real-world challenges through phases such as engage, investigate, and act.

CLT

Communicative Language Teaching, an instructional approach focused on helping students communicate meaningfully in real-life situations rather than emphasizing grammar rules alone.

DI

Differentiated Instruction, a teaching approach where instruction is adapted to meet the different learning needs of students.

DLI

Dual Language Immersion, a program where students learn academic subjects in two languages to develop bilingualism and biliteracy.

ExpL

Experiential Learning, an instructional approach where students learn through direct experience and reflection.

HOTS

Higher-Order Thinking Skills, instructional strategies that encourage analysis, evaluation, and creative thinking rather than simple memorization.

IBL

Inquiry-Based Learning, an instructional approach where students investigate questions and explore ideas through inquiry.

IM

Illustrative Mathematics, a standards-aligned mathematics curriculum that focuses on conceptual understanding, problem solving, and student discussion.

PBL

Project-Based Learning, a teaching approach where students learn by completing extended projects that address real-world questions or challenges.

PjBL

Project-Based Learning, an alternate abbreviation for the instructional method where students learn through projects and real-world investigations.

PrBL

Problem-Based Learning, an instructional approach focused on solving open-ended problems that require investigation and collaboration.

SEI

Structured English Immersion, an instructional approach where lessons are delivered primarily in English while supporting language development.

SEL

Social and Emotional Learning, an instructional approach that helps students develop self-awareness, relationship skills, and emotional regulation.

SIOP

Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol, a framework used to support English learners in accessing grade-level academic content.

SLO

Student Learning Objective, a measurable academic goal used to evaluate student progress and instructional effectiveness.

STEM

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, an educational focus that integrates these four disciplines.

STEAM

Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics, an extension of STEM that incorporates creative and artistic disciplines.

TWI

Two-Way Immersion, a dual language program where native English speakers and native speakers of another language learn together using both languages.

UDL

Universal Design for Learning, an educational framework that designs lessons to accommodate diverse learning needs and styles.

WBL

Work-Based Learning, educational experiences that connect classroom learning with real-world work opportunities such as internships.

ZPD

Zone of Proximal Development, a learning theory concept describing the range where students can complete tasks with guidance but not yet independently.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Use case
5E	Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate (an inquiry-based instructional model commonly used in science education to guide students through investigation and understanding)	Teaching Method	The science teacher chose the 5E model to boost student engagement, critical thinking, and information retention.
CARR	Content, Activity, Reflection, Review (an instructional approach where students learn through completing meaningful tasks that often involve problem solving or real-world communication)	Teaching Method	In the TBL lesson, students worked in groups to complete a real-world problem-solving task, how to improve classroom recycling.
CBI	Content-Based Instruction, an approach where students learn language through subject matter content (e.g., science, history) rather than isolated language drills	Language Support	The ESL teacher used CBI to teach vocabulary and reading skills through a unit on ecosystems.
CBL	Challenge-Based Learning, where students solve real-world challenges. The framework includes three interconnected phases: Engage, Investigate and Act	Teaching Method	The class follows a CBL framework for projects.
CLT	Communicative Language Teaching, an instructional approach that focuses on developing students’ ability to communicate meaningfully in real-life situations rather than emphasizing grammar rules in isolation	Language Support	The teacher used CLT to have ELL students practice real-life conversations in pairs.
DI	Differentiated Instruction	Teaching Method	Teachers use DI to meet student needs.
DLI	Dual Language Immersion, a program where students learn in two languages (e.g., English and Spanish) to develop bilingualism and biliteracy	Learning Program	The school offers a DLI program where students learn math and science in Spanish and English.
ExpL	Experiential Learning, learning through direct experience and reflection	Teaching Method	The program emphasizes ExpL through outdoor activities.
HOTS	Higher-Order Thinking Skills, instructional strategies that encourage analysis, evaluation, and creation rather than simple recall	Teaching Method	Students who don't like memorizing facts enjoy HOTS that emphasizes critical thinking and problem-solving.
IBL	Inquiry-Based Learning, where students explore questions and investigations	Teaching Method	Teachers use IBL to encourage student curiosity.
IM	Illustrative Mathematics, a standards-aligned math curriculum used in middle and high schools that focuses on conceptual understanding, problem-solving, and student discourse	Curriculum	The teacher is using the IM curriculum to guide daily math lessons and student discussions.
PBL	Project-Based Learning	Teaching Method	The class uses PBL.
PjBL	Project-Based Learning (alternate abbreviation)	Teaching Method	The school uses PjBL across multiple subjects.
PrBL	Problem-Based Learning, focused on solving open-ended problems	Teaching Method	Students engage in PrBL activities in science class.
SEI	Structured English Immersion, an approach where instruction is delivered primarily in English with strategies to support language development	Language Support	The teacher used SEI strategies to make grade-level content understandable in English.
SEL	Social and Emotional Learning, an instructional approach that develops students’ self-awareness, relationship skills, and emotional regulation	Learning Program	Students learned self-regulation techniques in their SEL class.
SIOP	Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol	Language Support	Teachers use SIOP strategies.
SLO	Student Learning Objective	Assessment	Teachers track SLO progress.
STEM	Science, Technology, Engineering, Math	Learning Program	The school promotes STEM.
STEAM	STEM with Arts	Learning Program	Students engage in STEAM projects.
TWI	Two-Way Immersion, a type of dual language program that includes both native English speakers and native speakers of another language learning together	Learning Program	In the TWI classroom, English and Spanish speakers learn together using both languages daily.
UDL	Universal Design for Learning	Learning Program	Lessons follow UDL principles developed by CAST (Center for Applied Special Technology).
WBL	Work-Based Learning, connecting classroom learning to real-world work experience	Learning Program	Students participate in WBL through internships.
ZPD	Zone of Proximal Development	Learning Theory	Lessons target the student’s ZPD.

Family Engagement, Committees, and Liaison Acronyms (A–Z)

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) in 1965 grew out of the Civil Rights movement, War on Poverty programs, and federal policy shifts that called for greater transparency and accountability. It was the first major federal program to connect funding with school responsibility and family involvement.

Later updates to ESEA, now known as ESSA, include Title I provisions that require schools to involve parents in planning and decision-making.

School committees, advisory councils, and liaison roles are visible ways for parents to participate in shaping schools. Each program brings its own structure and its own acronym.

BOE

Board of Education, the governing body that sets district policy, approves budgets, and oversees school district leadership.

CBOC

Community-Based Oversight Committee, a group that monitors how district funds, such as bond measures, are spent.

CIC

Campus Improvement Committee, a school-level group that reviews data and helps develop and monitor improvement goals.

CL

Community Liaison, a staff member who connects schools with families and community resources and supports outreach efforts.

DAC

District Advisory Committee, a district-level group that provides input on programs, policies, and improvement priorities.

DEIC

District Educational Improvement Council, a committee that oversees district-wide planning and alignment with improvement goals.

DELAC

District English Learner Advisory Committee, a district-level committee that advises on programs and services for multilingual learners.

ELAC

English Learner Advisory Committee, a school-level group that provides input on programs and support for English learners.

FAC

Facilities Advisory Committee, a committee that advises on school buildings, maintenance needs, and capital improvement projects.

FACE

Family and Community Engagement, an office or initiative focused on strengthening partnerships between schools, families, and the community.

FEC

Family Engagement Coordinator, a staff member responsible for organizing family outreach, events, and communication efforts.

HB

Homeless Education designation, a role connected to the McKinney-Vento Act that supports students experiencing housing instability.

ILT

Instructional Leadership Team, a group of school leaders and teachers focused on improving instruction and curriculum alignment.

LPC

Long-Range Planning Committee, a committee that focuses on enrollment trends, facilities planning, and future district needs.

LSC

Local School Council, a school-based governance committee made up of parents, teachers, community members, and the principal that oversees school leadership, improvement plans, and budgets.

PAC

Parent Advisory Committee, a group of parents who provide feedback and input on school programs and initiatives.

PBIS

Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, a framework and team that promotes positive behavior and supports a healthy school climate.

PIC

Parent Involvement Coordinator, a staff member who supports family engagement activities, often connected to Title I programs.

PTA

Parent Teacher Association, a national organization that supports schools through volunteering, advocacy, and fundraising.

PTO

Parent Teacher Organization, a school-based parent group similar to a PTA but independently operated.

SAC

School Advisory Council, a committee that advises school leadership on policies, goals, and improvement efforts.

SBDM

Site-Based Decision Making, a committee structure that allows school-level input on policies, curriculum, and operations.

SHAC

School Health Advisory Council, a committee that advises districts on health education, wellness policies, and student well-being programs.

SIT

School Improvement Team, a group responsible for implementing and monitoring school improvement strategies.

SSC

School Site Council, a committee that oversees school plans, budgets, and compliance requirements in certain states.

Acronym	Description	Category	Use case
BOE	Board of Education, governing body that sets district policy, approves budgets, and oversees leadership	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The BOE approved the district budget.
CBOC	Community-Based Oversight Committee, group that monitors how district funds, such as bond measures, are spent	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The CBOC reviews expenditures from recent bond projects.
CIC	Campus Improvement Committee, school-level group that reviews data and helps develop and monitor improvement goals	School Improvement Planning	The CIC reviewed student performance data.
CL	Community Liaison, staff member who connects schools with families and community resources and supports outreach efforts	School Operations	The CL helps families access local services.
DAC	District Advisory Committee, district-level group that provides input on programs, policies, and improvement priorities	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The DAC reviewed district priorities for the upcoming year.
DEIC	District Educational Improvement Council, oversees district-wide planning and alignment with improvement goals	School Improvement Planning	The DEIC approved updates to the district plan.
DELAC	District English Learner Advisory Committee, advises on services and programs for multilingual learners at the district level	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	DELAC reviews district programs for multilingual learners.
ELAC	English Learner Advisory Committee, school-level group that provides input on services and support for English learners	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	ELAC provides input on services for English learners.
FAC	Facilities Advisory Committee, advises on school buildings, maintenance needs, and capital improvement projects	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The FAC reviewed campus renovation plans.
FACE	Family and Community Engagement, office or initiative focused on strengthening partnerships between schools, families, and the community	School Operations	The FACE team supports outreach to families.
FEC	Family Engagement Coordinator, staff member responsible for organizing family outreach, events, and communication efforts	School Operations	The FEC is organizing a parent workshop.
HB	Homeless Education designation under McKinney-Vento, often used in roles supporting students experiencing housing instability	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The HB coordinator supports eligible students.
ILT	Instructional Leadership Team, group of school leaders and teachers focused on improving instruction and curriculum alignment	Academic Programs	The ILT reviews instructional strategies.
LPC	Long-Range Planning Committee, focuses on enrollment trends, facilities planning, and future district needs	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The LPC discussed future campus expansion.
LSC	Local School Council, a school-based governance committee, commonly used in districts such as Chicago Public Schools, made up of parents, teachers, community members, and the principal. The council helps oversee school leadership, approves the school improvement plan and budget, and represents the voice of the school community.	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The LSC participates in school governance decisions.
PAC	Parent Advisory Committee, group of parents who provide feedback and input on school programs and initiatives	School Operations	The PAC meets to discuss school programs.
PBIS	Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, framework and team that promotes positive behavior and supports school climate	School Operations	The PBIS team tracks behavior data.
PIC	Parent Involvement Coordinator, staff member who supports family engagement activities, often connected to Title I programs	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The PIC shared updates on family engagement events.
PTA	Parent Teacher Association, national organization that supports schools through volunteering, advocacy, and fundraising	School Operations	The PTA organized the fundraiser.
PTO	Parent Teacher Organization, school-based parent group similar to PTA but independently operated	School Operations	The PTO coordinates volunteer efforts.
SAC	School Advisory Council, committee that advises school leadership on policies, goals, and improvement efforts	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The SAC reviews school policies.
SBDM	Site-Based Decision Making, committee structure that allows school-level input on policies, curriculum, and operations	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The SBDM approved curriculum updates.
SHAC	School Health Advisory Council, advises districts on health education, wellness policies, and student well-being programs	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The SHAC reviewed updates to the health curriculum.
SIT	School Improvement Team, group responsible for implementing and monitoring school improvement strategies	School Improvement Planning	The SIT monitors progress on school goals.
SSC	School Site Council, committee that oversees school plans, budgets, and compliance requirements in certain states	School Planning, Funding, and Compliance	The SSC oversees school plans and budgets.

Major U.S. K–12 Education Laws (Historical Overview)

CRA

Civil Rights Act of 1964, a federal law establishing protections against discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in federally funded programs.

ESEA

Elementary and Secondary Education Act, the foundational federal law establishing funding and support for K–12 education programs.

Title I

Title I, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program that supports schools with high percentages of low-income students.

Title II

Title II, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program focused on teacher and staff development and improving educator effectiveness.

Title III

Title III, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program that supports English learners and language instruction programs.

Title IV

Title IV, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program that supports student enrichment, well-rounded education, and safe and healthy schools.

Title IX

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, a federal law establishing protections against sex-based discrimination in education programs and activities.

Section 504

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, a federal civil rights law establishing protections and accommodations for individuals with disabilities in federally funded programs.

FERPA

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, a federal law establishing privacy protections and access rights for student education records.

EHA

Education for All Handicapped Children Act, a federal law that established the right to a free appropriate public education for students with disabilities and later evolved into IDEA.

MVA

McKinney-Vento Act, a federal law that protects the educational rights of students experiencing homelessness.

ADA

Americans with Disabilities Act, a federal law requiring accessibility and equal opportunities for individuals with disabilities in public services.

IDEA

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, a federal law that ensures special education services and individualized planning for students with disabilities.

NCLB

No Child Left Behind Act, a federal law that established nationwide accountability requirements based on standardized testing and school performance.

ESSA

Every Student Succeeds Act, the current federal law governing K–12 education that reauthorized ESEA and gave states more flexibility in accountability systems.

Law Acronym	Year Passed	Definition of the Law	Category	To Note	Use example
CRA	1964	Civil Rights Act, a federal law establishing protections against discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in federally funded programs	Civil Rights Law	Foundation for federal nondiscrimination requirements in education.	Schools must ensure equal access to programs and services under CRA protections.
ESEA	1965	Elementary and Secondary Education Act, the foundational federal law establishing funding and support for K–12 education programs	Federal Education Law	Reauthorized multiple times; current version is ESSA (2015).	Federal education funding and programs are structured under ESEA.
Title I	1965	Title I, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program supporting schools with high percentages of low-income students	Federal Funding Law	Core equity-focused funding stream under ESEA.	The school uses Title I funds to provide additional academic support.
Title II	2015	Title II, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program focused on teacher and staff development and effectiveness	Federal Funding Law	Current structure defined under ESSA.	The district uses Title II funds for professional development.
Title III	2015	Title III, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program supporting English learners and language instruction programs	Federal Funding Law	Supports language acquisition and multilingual communication.	The district uses Title III funds to support multilingual learners.
Title IV	2015	Title IV, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program supporting student enrichment, well-rounded education, and safe and healthy schools	Federal Funding Law	Expanded under ESSA to support whole-child initiatives.	The school uses Title IV funds for student support programs.
Title IX	1972	Title IX of the Education Amendments, a federal law establishing protections against sex-based discrimination in education programs and activities	Civil Rights Law	Enforced by OCR.	Schools must comply with Title IX in athletics, programs, and student protections.
Section 504	1973	Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, a federal civil rights law establishing protections and accommodations for individuals with disabilities in federally funded programs	Civil Rights Law	Broader than IDEA; applies to any qualifying disability.	Schools provide accommodations through Section 504 plans.
FERPA	1974	Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, a federal law establishing privacy rights for student education records and access for parents	Student Privacy Law	Governs data sharing and parent access.	Schools must protect and manage access to student records under FERPA.
EHA	1975	Education for All Handicapped Children Act, a federal law establishing the right to a free appropriate public education for students with disabilities (later reauthorized as IDEA)	Special Education Law	Predecessor to IDEA.	This law laid the foundation for modern special education services.
MVA	1987	McKinney-Vento Act, a federal law establishing educational access and stability protections for students experiencing homelessness	Student Support Law	Ensures school of origin stability.	Schools must provide enrollment and transportation support under MVA.
ADA	1990	Americans with Disabilities Act, a federal law establishing accessibility requirements and protections for individuals with disabilities in public services	Civil Rights Law	Applies beyond education to all public services.	Schools must ensure facilities and programs are accessible under ADA.
IDEA	1990	Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, a federal law establishing special education services and individualized planning for students with disabilities	Special Education Law	Requires IEPs and procedural safeguards.	Schools develop and implement IEPs under IDEA.
NCLB	2001	No Child Left Behind Act, a federal law establishing nationwide accountability requirements based on standardized testing and school performance	Federal Education Law	Replaced by ESSA in 2015.	Schools were required to meet performance targets and implement improvement plans under NCLB.
ESSA	2015	Every Student Succeeds Act, a federal law reauthorizing ESEA and establishing a more flexible, state-led approach to accountability and school improvement	Federal Education Law	Current governing framework under ESEA.	States set accountability systems and oversee school improvement under ESSA.

National Education Organizations (A–Z)

AASA

American Association of School Administrators, an organization that supports school system leaders through advocacy, leadership development, and professional resources.

ACE

American Council on Education, an organization that represents higher education institutions and provides policy guidance for colleges and universities.

AACTE

American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, an organization that supports universities and colleges that prepare future teachers and school leaders.

AERA

American Educational Research Association, an organization that advances education research and publishes scholarly journals and conferences.

AMI

Association Montessori Internationale, an organization that supports authentic Montessori education and teacher certification worldwide.

AMS

American Montessori Society, an organization that provides teacher training, accreditation, and professional resources for Montessori schools.

ANSI

American National Standards Institute, an organization that oversees standards used across industries, including standards for continuing education programs.

ASCD

Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, an organization that provides professional learning and leadership resources for educators.

CASE

Council of Administrators of Special Education, an organization that supports leadership and administration in special education programs.

CASEL

Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning, an organization that develops frameworks and resources for implementing social-emotional learning in schools.

CCSSO

Council of Chief State School Officers, an organization that brings together state education leaders to coordinate national education initiatives.

CEC

Council for Exceptional Children, an organization that provides professional development and advocacy for special education teachers.

COPAA

Council of Parent Attorneys and Advocates, an organization that helps families advocate for students with disabilities.

ED

U.S. Department of Education, the federal agency responsible for national education policy, funding programs, and civil rights enforcement in schools.

ECS

Education Commission of the States, an organization that provides policy research and guidance to state education leaders.

IACET

International Association for Continuing Education and Training, an organization that accredits providers offering continuing education units (CEUs).

IB

International Baccalaureate, an organization that provides globally recognized academic programs for K–12 students.

EMA

Enrollment Management Association, an organization that supports independent schools with admissions, enrollment, and marketing strategies.

MACTE

Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education, an organization that accredits Montessori teacher training programs in the United States.

NAEYC

National Association for the Education of Young Children, an organization that sets standards and accreditation for early childhood education programs.

NAFSCE

National Association for Family, School, and Community Engagement, an organization that promotes family engagement practices in education.

NCFL

National Center for Families Learning, an organization that develops family literacy programs for children and families.

NCEA

National Catholic Educational Association, an organization that supports Catholic schools through leadership, research, and professional development.

NEA

National Education Association, the largest labor union representing public school educators in the United States.

NFI

National Fatherhood Initiative, an organization that promotes father involvement in children’s education and development.

NIEER

National Institute for Early Education Research, an organization that conducts research on early childhood education policy and program effectiveness.

OCR

Office for Civil Rights, a division of the U.S. Department of Education that enforces federal civil rights laws in schools.

ZERO TO THREE

ZERO TO THREE, a nonprofit organization focused on early childhood development from birth to age three.

Acronym	Name	Type	Use example
AASA	American Association of School Administrators	Organization	AASA supports school system leaders with advocacy and professional resources.
ACE	American Council on Education	Organization	ACE represents higher education institutions and provides policy guidance for colleges and universities.
ACTE	American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education	Organization	AACTE supports universities and colleges that prepare future teachers and school leaders.
AERA	American Educational Research Association	Organization	AERA publishes research and organizes conferences focused on advancing education research.
AMI	Association Montessori Internationale	Organization	AMI supports authentic Montessori education and teacher certification worldwide.
AMS	American Montessori Society	Organization	AMS provides teacher training, accreditation, and resources for Montessori schools.
ANSI	American National Standards Institute	Organization	ANSI oversees standards used across industries, including the ANSI/IACET standard for continuing education programs.
ASCD	Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development	Organization	ASCD provides professional development resources for teachers and school leaders.
CASE	Council of Administrators of Special Education	Organization	CASE supports leadership and administration in special education programs.
CASEL	Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning	Organization	CASEL develops frameworks and resources for implementing social-emotional learning in schools.
CCSSO	Council of Chief State School Officers	Organization	CCSSO brings together state education leaders to coordinate national education initiatives.
CEC	Council for Exceptional Children	Organization	CEC provides professional development and advocacy for special education teachers.
COPAA	Council of Parent Attorneys and Advocates	Organization	COPAA helps families advocate for students with disabilities.
ED	U.S. Department of Education, the federal agency responsible for national education policy, funding programs, and civil rights enforcement in schools	Government Agency	The district follows guidance from ED on federal education programs and compliance requirements.
ECS	Education Commission of the States	Organization	ECS provides policy research and guidance to state education leaders across the United States.
IACET	International Association for Continuing Education and Training	Organization	IACET accredits organizations that offer professional learning and continuing education units (CEUs).
IB	International Baccalaureate, an organization that provides globally recognized academic programs for K–12 students	Organization	The school offers IB programs to provide an internationally focused curriculum.
EMA	Enrollment Management Association, an organization that supports independent schools with enrollment, admissions, and marketing strategies	Organization	Independent schools may use EMA resources to guide admissions and enrollment planning.
MACTE	Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education, an organization that accredits Montessori teacher training programs in the United States	Organization	Montessori teacher education programs may be accredited by MACTE.
NAEYC	National Association for the Education of Young Children	Organization	NAEYC sets standards and accreditation for early childhood education programs.
NAFSCE	National Association for Family, School, and Community Engagement	Organization	NAFSCE promotes family engagement practices in education.
NCFL	National Center for Families Learning	Organization	NCFL develops family literacy programs for children and families.
NCEA	National Catholic Educational Association, an organization that supports Catholic schools through leadership, research, and professional development	Organization	Catholic schools may work with NCEA for resources and national guidance.
NEA	National Education Association, the largest labor union representing public school educators in the United States	Organization	Teachers may be members of the NEA for professional support and advocacy.
NFI	National Fatherhood Initiative	Organization	NFI promotes father involvement in children’s education and development.
NIEER	National Institute for Early Education Research	Organization	NIEER conducts research on early childhood education policy and program effectiveness.
OCR	Office for Civil Rights, a division of the U.S. Department of Education that enforces federal civil rights laws in schools	Government Agency	Schools must follow OCR guidance to ensure students are not discriminated against.
ZERO TO THREE	ZERO TO THREE, a nonprofit focused on early childhood development from birth to age three	Organization	ZERO TO THREE provides resources on early learning and child development.

School Planning, Compliance, and Policy Acronyms (A–Z)

Acronym	Definition	Category	Example use
ADA	Americans with Disabilities Act (law requiring accessibility and equal access)	Compliance	The school follows ADA.
AUP	Acceptable Use Policy, guidelines that define how students and staff may use school technology and internet access	School Policy / Technology	Students and their parents/guardians must sign the AUP before students receive device access.
CAN-SPAM	Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act (law governing email communication and opt-out requirements)	Communication Compliance	School emails must comply with CAN-SPAM, including providing unsubscribe options.
CIP	Campus Improvement Plan (campus-level plan used to set goals and guide school improvement efforts)	Planning	The CIP includes academic goals.
COPPA	Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (law regulating student data collection online)	Compliance	The app complies with COPPA.
CSIP	Comprehensive School Improvement Plan (broader plan including academics, operations, and climate)	Planning	The CSIP outlines strategies.
ESEA	Elementary and Secondary Education Act (federal law governing K–12 education programs and funding in the United States) Note: The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) is the original federal education law passed in 1965. It has been updated several times over the years. The current version is called the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). It passed in 2015.	Federal Policy	Title I is part of ESEA and supports schools serving low-income students.
ESSA	Every Student Succeeds Act (federal law governing accountability and school performance)	Federal Policy	The district follows ESSA.
FCC	Federal Communications Commission (agency regulating communication systems including phone and messaging)	Regulatory Agency	The FCC enforces communication rules.
FERPA	Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (law protecting student records and privacy)	Compliance	FERPA protects records.
OCR	The Office for Civil Rights	Compliance	OCR investigates complaints.
PPRA	Protection of Pupil Rights Amendment (law governing student surveys and sensitive information)	Compliance	Surveys follow PPRA.
RUP	Responsible Use Policy, an alternative term for Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)	School Policy / Technology	Some schools refer to their device usage agreement as a RUP instead of an AUP.
SBDM	Site-Based Decision Making (a governance model where school-level teams make decisions about policies, budgets, and instruction)	School Governance / Policy	The SBDM council meets to review school priorities, with staff and parent representatives providing input on budget and instructional decisions.
SCEP	School Comprehensive Education Plan (state-required plan including academic and support strategies)	Planning	The SCEP includes school goals.
SCP	School Climate Plan (plan focused on improving school culture, safety, and environment)	Planning	The school developed an SCP.
SEA	State Education Agency , the state-level body responsible for overseeing public education and implementing federal and state policies	Governance	The SEA sets state policy.
SIP	School Improvement Plan (a school-level plan outlining goals and strategies to improve student outcomes; required for underperforming schools and commonly required across public schools)	Planning	The SIP outlines improvement goals.
TCPA	Telephone Consumer Protection Act (law regulating calls and text messages, requiring consent for automated messaging)	Communication Compliance	Under TCPA, schools must obtain consent before sending automated text messages or calls.

ADA

Americans with Disabilities Act, a federal law requiring accessibility and equal access for individuals with disabilities in public services and facilities.

AUP

Acceptable Use Policy, guidelines that define how students and staff may use school technology and internet access.

CAN-SPAM

Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act, a federal law governing email communication and requiring opt-out options for recipients.

CIP

Campus Improvement Plan, a campus-level plan used to set goals and guide school improvement efforts.

COPPA

Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, a federal law regulating the collection of personal information from children online.

CSIP

Comprehensive School Improvement Plan, a broader planning document that includes goals for academics, operations, and school climate.

ESEA

Elementary and Secondary Education Act, the foundational federal law governing K–12 education programs and funding in the United States. The current version of this law is the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), passed in 2015.

ESSA

Every Student Succeeds Act, the current federal law governing accountability, school performance, and education funding in the United States.

FCC

Federal Communications Commission, the federal agency that regulates communication systems including phone, internet, and messaging services.

FERPA

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, a federal law protecting the privacy of student education records and providing parents access rights.

OCR

Office for Civil Rights, a division of the U.S. Department of Education responsible for enforcing federal civil rights laws in schools.

PPRA

Protection of Pupil Rights Amendment, a federal law governing student surveys and the collection of sensitive personal information.

RUP

Responsible Use Policy, an alternative term for an Acceptable Use Policy that defines appropriate use of school technology and digital resources.

SBDM

Site-Based Decision Making, a governance model where school-level teams make decisions about policies, budgets, and instructional priorities.

SCEP

School Comprehensive Education Plan, a state-required plan that outlines academic goals and strategies to support student success.

SCP

School Climate Plan, a plan focused on improving school culture, safety, and the overall learning environment.

SEA

State Education Agency, the state-level body responsible for overseeing public education and implementing federal and state policies.

SIP

School Improvement Plan, a school-level plan outlining goals and strategies to improve student outcomes.

TCPA

Telephone Consumer Protection Act, a federal law regulating phone calls and text messages, including requirements for consent before automated communications are sent.

School Improvement Planning Acronyms

ESSA (Every Student Succeeds Act) is a federal law signed into law by President Obama in December 2015, replacing the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). It governs how public schools in the United States are held accountable for student outcomes.

ESSA requires states to identify underperforming schools and ensure those schools develop and implement improvement plans. These plans must include evidence-based strategies, involve stakeholders such as families, and be monitored over time for progress.

ESSA does not provide a specific template for improvement plans. Instead, it sets the requirement, and states translate that requirement into structured planning frameworks. These plans are commonly referred to as School Improvement Plans (SIP), but the names vary by state as shown in the table below.

SIP

School Improvement Plan, a state-required school-level plan outlining goals, strategies, and actions to improve student outcomes.

LCAP

Local Control and Accountability Plan, California’s planning framework that links district goals, funding priorities, and stakeholder engagement.

MICIP

Michigan Integrated Continuous Improvement Process, Michigan’s statewide framework guiding schools through a continuous improvement cycle of assessing needs, planning strategies, implementing actions, and evaluating results.

One Plan

Consolidated Improvement Plan, Ohio’s unified planning process that combines multiple funding and school improvement requirements into one plan.

SCEP

School Comprehensive Education Plan, New York’s required school improvement plan that outlines goals, strategies, and stakeholder involvement for identified schools.

TIP

Texas Improvement Plan, a Texas-required improvement plan for identified schools that includes needs assessment, strategies, and progress monitoring.

Title I

Title I, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program that supports schools with high percentages of low-income students and includes requirements for family engagement planning.

Acronym	Description	Category	Use example
SIP	School Improvement Plan (state-required school-level plan outlining goals, strategies, and actions to improve student outcomes; commonly used across many states including Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee)	Planning / Compliance	The school’s SIP includes strategies to strengthen family engagement.
LCAP	Local Control and Accountability Plan (California’s planning framework linking goals, funding, and stakeholder engagement across districts and schools)	Planning / Compliance	The district’s LCAP outlines goals for improving student outcomes and family engagement.
MICIP	Michigan Integrated Continuous Improvement Process (Michigan’s statewide framework guiding schools through a continuous improvement cycle of assess, plan, implement, and evaluate)	Planning / Compliance	The school uses MICIP to guide its improvement planning and stakeholder engagement.
One Plan	Consolidated Improvement Plan (Ohio’s unified planning process that combines multiple funding and improvement requirements into one plan)	Planning / Compliance	The district completes the One Plan to align improvement strategies across programs.
SCEP	School Comprehensive Education Plan (New York’s required school improvement plan for identified schools, including goals, strategies, and stakeholder involvement)	Planning / Compliance	The school developed its SCEP to address performance gaps and improve engagement.
TIP	Texas Improvement Plan (Texas-required improvement plan for identified schools, including needs assessment, strategies, and monitoring)	Planning / Compliance	The school’s TIP includes actions to improve attendance and family communication.
Title I	Federal funding program under ESEA supporting schools with high percentages of low-income students, including requirements for family engagement planning	Federal Programs	Title I requires schools to develop and implement a family engagement plan.

School Funding Programs and Grants (A–Z)

Use this table as a reference to understand the funding programs and grants that support K–12 education, school operations, and student services.

21st CCLC

21st Century Community Learning Centers, a federal funding program that supports after-school and extended learning opportunities for students.

ADA (Funding)

Average Daily Attendance, a student attendance measure used in some states, such as Texas, to determine school funding levels.

ADM

Average Daily Membership, a student enrollment count used by many states to calculate school funding allocations.

CEP

Community Eligibility Provision, a federal program that allows schools to provide free meals to all students without collecting individual meal applications.

ESEA

Elementary and Secondary Education Act, the federal law that authorizes major K–12 education funding programs including Title I through Title IV.

ESSER

Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief, federal emergency funding provided to schools to address the impact of COVID-19 and support learning recovery.

FRL

Free and Reduced-Price Lunch, a federal meal program providing free or reduced-cost meals to eligible students and commonly used as an indicator of economic need in schools.

GEER

Governor’s Emergency Education Relief, state-administered federal emergency funding created to support education during COVID-19 disruptions.

IDEA

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, a federal law that provides funding to support special education services for eligible students.

NSLP

National School Lunch Program, a federal program that provides free or reduced-price meals to eligible students.

SBP

School Breakfast Program, a federal program that provides breakfast to students, often at free or reduced cost.

SIG

School Improvement Grant, a federal program active primarily from 2009 to 2015 that funded turnaround efforts in the lowest-performing schools.

SWP

Schoolwide Program, a Title I model that allows eligible schools to use federal funds to support all students.

TAS

Targeted Assistance School, a Title I model where services are provided only to students identified as needing additional academic support.

Title I

Title I, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program that supports schools with high percentages of low-income students.

Title II

Title II, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program that supports teacher recruitment, training, and professional development.

Title III

Title III, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program that supports multilingual learners and language instruction programs.

Title IV

Title IV, Part A (ESEA), a federal funding program that supports well-rounded education, safe schools, and student support services.

Acronym	Description	Category	Use case
21st CCLC	21st Century Community Learning Centers (federal funding program supporting after-school and extended learning programs)	Federal Funding	The school offers after-school programs funded by 21st CCLC.
ADA (Funding)	Average Daily Attendance (student attendance measure used in some states, such as Texas, to determine school funding levels). Calculated as: Sum of Attendance Counts ÷ Days of Instruction.	State Funding	ADA impacts how much funding the school receives.
ADM	Average Daily Membership (student enrollment count used by many states to calculate school funding allocations)	State Funding	ADM is used to determine district funding levels.
CEP	Community Eligibility Provision (federal program allowing schools to provide free meals to all students without collecting applications)	Federal Program	The school uses CEP to provide free meals to all students.
ESEA	Elementary and Secondary Education Act (federal law that authorizes major K–12 funding programs, including Title I–IV)	Federal Law / Funding	The district receives ESEA funds to support multiple education programs.
ESSER	Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief (federal COVID-19 relief funding provided to support schools and learning recovery)	Federal Funding	The district used ESSER funds to upgrade technology and support instruction.
FR	Free and Reduced-Price Lunch (a federal meal program that provides free or reduced-cost meals to students based on household income; widely used by schools as an indicator for funding eligibility and economic need)	Federal Program	The school uses FRL data to determine eligibility for meal programs and to identify students and campuses that may qualify for additional funding and support.
GEER	Governor’s Emergency Education Relief (state-administered federal emergency funding to support education during COVID-19 disruptions)	Federal Funding	GEER funds supported remote learning initiatives.
IDEA	Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (federal law that provides funding to support special education services for eligible students)	Federal Funding / Special Education	IDEA funds support special education staffing and services.
NSLP	National School Lunch Program (federal program that provides free or reduced-price meals to eligible students)	Federal Program	Students qualify for meals through the NSLP.
SBP	School Breakfast Program (federal program that provides breakfast to students, often at free or reduced cost)	Federal Program	The school participates in the SBP to support student nutrition.
SIG	School Improvement Grant (federal program active primarily 2009–2015 that funded turnaround efforts in the lowest-performing schools, later replaced under ESSA by Title I Section 1003 funds)	Federal Program / School Improvement	The district received SIG funding to implement turnaround strategies.
SWP	Schoolwide Program (Title I model allowing schools to use federal funds to support all students in eligible schools)	Federal Funding	The school operates as a SWP to support all students.
TAS	Targeted Assistance School (Title I model where services are provided only to identified students who need additional support)	Federal Funding	The school uses a TAS model to support selected students.
Title I	Federal funding program supporting schools with high percentages of low-income students to improve academic outcomes	Federal Funding	Title I funds support additional academic services for students.
Title II	Federal funding program that supports teacher training, recruitment, and professional development	Federal Funding	Title II funds are used for teacher training and support.
Title III	Federal funding program that supports multilingual learners and language instruction programs	Federal Funding	Title III funding supports services for multilingual learners.
Title IV	Federal funding program that supports well-rounded education, safe schools, and student support services	Federal Funding	Title IV funds support counseling and enrichment programs.

Federal Reporting & Accountability Acronyms in Education (A–Z)

These federal reporting and accountability acronyms are most often used by district leaders, federal program coordinators, and state reporting teams to analyze school performance, program effectiveness, and compliance with federal requirements.

Acronyms such as ACGR (Adjusted Cohort Graduation Rate) and CRDC (Civil Rights Data Collection) refer to data reported to the federal government. Acronyms such as CSPR (Consolidates State Performance Report) describe reports that organize and submit that data, while MOE (Maintenance of Effort) and EDGAR (Education Department General Requirements) define funding and compliance requirements tied to federal programs.

ACGR

Adjusted Cohort Graduation Rate, the federally required method used to calculate high school graduation rates.

CSPR

Consolidated State Performance Report, a federal report submitted by states that summarizes education program outcomes and compliance data.

CRDC

Civil Rights Data Collection, a national dataset collected by the U.S. Department of Education that tracks equity, access, and civil rights indicators in schools.

EDGAR

Education Department General Administrative Regulations, federal regulations that govern how education grants and funding programs must be administered.

GEPA

General Education Provisions Act, a federal law that outlines rules and requirements for administering federal education programs.

MOE

Maintenance of Effort, a funding requirement that ensures states and districts maintain consistent education spending levels in order to receive federal funds.

NAEP

National Assessment of Educational Progress, a nationwide assessment often called the “Nation’s Report Card” that measures student achievement across the United States.

REAP

Rural Education Achievement Program, a federal funding program designed to support rural school districts.

SLDS

Statewide Longitudinal Data System, a statewide data system used to track student information and outcomes over time.

SPP

State Performance Plan, a federally required plan outlining how states improve outcomes for students receiving special education services.

AMAO

Annual Measurable Achievement Objectives, targets used in federal programs to track progress and performance of English learners.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Example
ACGR	Adjusted Cohort Graduation Rate, the federally required method for calculating high school graduation rates	Assessment / Accountability	The district reported its ACGR in the annual performance report.
CSPR	Consolidated State Performance Report, a federal report submitted by states on education programs and outcomes	Compliance / Reporting	Data from multiple programs is compiled into the CSPR each year.
CRDC	Civil Rights Data Collection, a national dataset on equity and access in schools collected by the U.S. Department of Education	Compliance / Equity	The district reviewed CRDC data to assess disparities.
EDGAR	Education Department General Administrative Regulations, federal rules governing education grants	Policy / Compliance	Funding requirements are outlined in EDGAR.
GEPA	General Education Provisions Act, federal law governing education program administration	Federal Law	GEPA applies to most federally funded education programs.
MOE	Maintenance of Effort, a requirement that districts maintain consistent funding levels to receive federal aid	School Finance / Compliance	The district met MOE requirements to retain funding.
NAEP	National Assessment of Educational Progress, a nationwide assessment often called the “Nation’s Report Card”	Assessment	NAEP results provide a national comparison of student performance.
REAP	Rural Education Achievement Program, federal funding designed to support rural districts	Federal Programs	The district qualified for REAP funding.
SLDS	Statewide Longitudinal Data System, a system used to track student data over time	Data Systems	The SLDS helps monitor long-term student outcomes.
SPP	State Performance Plan, a required plan outlining how states improve special education outcomes	Special Education	The state updates its SPP annually.
AMAO	Annual Measurable Achievement Objectives, targets for English learner progress under federal programs	Federal Programs	Schools monitored AMAO targets for language development.

Teacher Professional Development Acronyms (A–Z)

Professional development provides teachers opportunities to learn about new teaching and classroom management methods, styles and techniques. From required training hours to collaborative planning and instructional strategies, these acronyms show up in meetings, emails, and evaluation systems.

Teachers complete PD through a mix of scheduled in-service days (INSET), ongoing collaboration in PLCs, and required training tracked through systems like an LMS.

They may also work toward certification requirements such as CPE hours or CEUs, often guided by your PDP or IPDP and evaluated through frameworks like TTESS. In public schools, professional development may add up to 30 hours each year, depending on state requirements and district expectations.

With so many acronyms related to teachers’ professional development, it can feel overwhelming to keep up, so let’s review them.

PD

Professional Development, structured learning opportunities that help educators improve their teaching practice and instructional strategies.

CPD

Continuing Professional Development, ongoing learning activities that support educator growth beyond initial certification.

CPE

Continuing Professional Education, required training hours that educators must complete in some states to maintain certification.

CEU

Continuing Education Unit, a credit awarded for completing approved professional development or continuing education activities.

PLC

Professional Learning Community, a group of educators who collaborate regularly to improve instruction and student outcomes.

PLN

Professional Learning Network, an informal network of educators who share resources, strategies, and ideas, often through online communities.

PDP

Professional Development Plan, an individualized plan outlining a teacher’s professional learning goals and growth areas.

IPDP

Individual Professional Development Plan, a formal version of a teacher’s growth plan used in some states or districts.

INSET

In-Service Training, scheduled professional development days during the school year when teachers participate in training activities.

LMS

Learning Management System, a digital platform used to deliver training, courses, and instructional content.

UDL

Universal Design for Learning, an instructional framework that helps teachers design lessons accessible to all learners.

DI

Differentiated Instruction, a teaching approach that adapts content, instruction, and assessment to meet diverse student needs.

SIOP

Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol, a framework used to support instruction for English learners.

AVID

Advancement Via Individual Determination, a college readiness program that includes teacher training and instructional strategies.

NBCT

National Board Certified Teacher, a designation earned through advanced certification that recognizes accomplished teaching practice.

ESL PD

English as a Second Language Professional Development, training designed to help teachers support multilingual learners.

GT PD

Gifted and Talented Professional Development, training focused on instructional strategies for supporting advanced learners.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Use case
PD	Professional Development, structured learning opportunities for educators to improve teaching practice	Instructional Frameworks and Program Models	The teacher attended PD on differentiated instruction.
CPD	Continuing Professional Development, ongoing learning activities that support teacher growth beyond initial certification	Instructional Frameworks and Program Models	The district requires CPD hours each semester.
CPE	Continuing Professional Education, required training hours for maintaining educator certification in some states	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	Teachers must complete CPE hours each year.
CEU	Continuing Education Unit, credit earned for completing approved professional development activities	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The workshop provided CEUs for certification renewal.
PLC	Professional Learning Community, group of educators who collaborate regularly to improve instruction and student outcomes	Instructional Frameworks and Program Models	The PLC focused on improving reading strategies.
PLN	Professional Learning Network, informal network of educators who share resources and ideas, often online	Instructional Frameworks and Program Models	She expanded her PLN through online educator groups.
PDP	Professional Development Plan, individualized plan outlining a teacher’s learning goals and growth areas	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The teacher updated her PDP with new goals.
IPDP	Individual Professional Development Plan, formal version of a teacher’s growth plan used in some states or districts	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The teacher submitted her IPDP for review.
INSET	In-Service Training, scheduled professional development days during the school year	Instructional Frameworks and Program Models	The school held an INSET day before the semester started.
LMS	Learning Management System, digital platform used to deliver training, courses, and instructional content	School Communication and EdTech	The PD modules are available in the LMS.
UDL	Universal Design for Learning, instructional framework that helps teachers design lessons accessible to all learners	Instructional Frameworks and Program Models	The teacher applied UDL strategies after the training.
DI	Differentiated Instruction, teaching approach that adapts content and methods to meet diverse student needs	Instructional Frameworks and Program Models	The PD session focused on DI strategies for mixed-ability classrooms.
SIOP	Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol, framework used to support instruction for English learners	Instructional Frameworks and Program Models	The teacher used SIOP strategies introduced during PD.
AVID	Advancement Via Individual Determination, college readiness program that includes teacher training and instructional strategies	Academic Programs	Teachers attended AVID training over the summer.
NBCT	National Board Certified Teacher, designation earned through advanced certification demonstrating accomplished teaching practice	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The district recognized several NBCT teachers this year.
ESL PD	English as a Second Language Professional Development, training focused on supporting multilingual learners	Academic Programs	The teacher completed ESL PD to better support language learners.
GT PD	Gifted and Talented Professional Development, training focused on meeting the needs of advanced learners	Academic Programs	Teachers are required to complete GT PD hours annually.

Education Technology Acronyms (A–Z)

AAD

Azure Active Directory, now called Microsoft Entra ID, a cloud-based identity service used for authentication and access control.

AD

Active Directory, a directory service used to manage users, devices, and permissions within a network.

API

Application Programming Interface, a system that allows different software platforms, such as SIS and LMS systems, to exchange data.

CMS

Content Management System, software used to create, manage, and publish digital content such as web pages.

CSV

Comma-Separated Values, a file format commonly used for importing and exporting structured data between systems.

Ed-Fi

Ed-Fi Data Standard, a framework used to integrate and unify education data across different software systems.

GAM

Google Apps Manager, a command-line tool used to manage users and settings in Google Workspace environments.

GCDS

Google Cloud Directory Sync, a tool used to synchronize directory data from Active Directory to Google Workspace.

GC

Google Classroom, a platform used by teachers to manage assignments, communication, and classroom activities.

IAM

Identity and Access Management, a framework used to manage user identities and permissions across systems.

IdP

Identity Provider, a system that authenticates users and provides access to applications through Single Sign-On.

LMS

Learning Management System, a platform used to manage coursework, assignments, and digital learning resources.

LTI

Learning Tools Interoperability, a standard that allows third-party tools to integrate with learning management systems.

M365

Microsoft 365, a suite of cloud-based productivity and collaboration tools used by many schools and organizations.

MDM

Mobile Device Management, a system used to manage, secure, and monitor school-issued devices.

MFA

Multi-Factor Authentication, a security method that requires additional verification beyond a password to access systems.

MMS

Multimedia Messaging Service, a messaging format that allows images and media to be sent through mobile messages.

QR

Quick Response Code, a scannable code that quickly directs users to a website, form, or digital resource.

RFI

Request for Information, a process used by organizations to gather details from vendors before beginning procurement.

RFP

Request for Proposal, a formal procurement process used to evaluate and select vendors.

RFQ

Request for Quote, a process used to obtain pricing information from vendors.

SaaS

Software as a Service, a cloud-based software delivery model where applications are accessed through the internet.

SAML

Security Assertion Markup Language, an authentication protocol used to enable Single Sign-On across multiple systems.

SCIM

System for Cross-domain Identity Management, an open standard used to automate user account provisioning and updates between systems.

SDS

School Data Sync, a Microsoft tool used to synchronize SIS data with Microsoft 365 systems.

SFTP

Secure File Transfer Protocol, a method used to securely transfer files between systems.

SIS

Student Information System, the central system used to manage student data such as enrollment, attendance, schedules, and grades.

SMS

Short Message Service, text messaging used for alerts and communication with families and staff.

SSO

Single Sign-On, an authentication method that allows users to access multiple systems with one login.

TOS

Terms of Service, an agreement that outlines platform usage rules, responsibilities, and data handling policies.

TTS

Text-to-Speech, technology that converts written text into spoken voice messages.

UGC

User Generated Content, content created and shared by users of a platform rather than by the organization itself.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Use example
AAD	Azure Active Directory (now Microsoft Entra ID), cloud-based identity service used for authentication and access control	Security	The district manages authentication through AAD.
AD	Active Directory, directory service used to manage users, devices, and permissions in a network	Security	Staff accounts are managed in AD.
API	Application Programming Interface, enables systems such as SIS, LMS, and communication platforms to exchange data	Technology	The platform uses an API to sync roster data.
CMS	A content management system (CMS) is an integrated software that helps users create and manage digital content.	Technology	I create new web pages by using the CMS.
CSV	Comma-Separated Values, file format used for bulk data import and export between systems	Technology	Data is uploaded using a CSV file.
Ed-Fi	Ed-Fi data standard used to integrate and unify education data across systems	Technology	The SIS integrates using Ed-Fi standards.
GAM	Google Apps Manager, command-line tool used to manage users and settings in Google Workspace	Technology	IT uses GAM to automate account management.
GCDS	Google Cloud Directory Sync, tool used to sync directory data from Active Directory to Google Workspace	Technology	GCDS syncs staff accounts nightly.
GC	Google Classroom, platform used for assignments, communication, and classroom management	Academic Technology	Teachers post assignments in GC.
IAM	Identity and Access Management, framework for managing user identities and permissions across systems	Security	IAM controls access to school systems.
IdP	Identity Provider, system that authenticates users for access to applications through SSO	Security	The district uses an IdP for authentication.
LMS	Learning Management System, platform used for managing coursework, assignments, and communication	Academic Technology	Teachers manage coursework in the LMS.
LTI	Learning Tools Interoperability, standard that allows third-party tools to integrate with LMS platforms	Technology	LTI connects tools to the LMS.
M365	Microsoft 365, suite of productivity and collaboration tools used by schools	Technology	Staff collaborate using M365.
MDM	Mobile Device Management, system used to manage, secure, and monitor school-issued devices	Technology	Devices are controlled through MDM.
MFA	Multi-Factor Authentication, security method requiring additional verification for login	Security	MFA provides added security to school communication.
MMS	Multimedia Messaging Service, messaging format that supports images and media but is less reliable and typically not recommended for school-wide communication	Communication	MMS messages may not be consistently delivered to all recipients.
QR	Quick Response code	Technology	Parents scan a QR code to get an access link to the group page.
RFI	Request for Information, process used to gather details from vendors before procurement	Procurement	The district issued an RFI to explore solutions.
RFP	Request for Proposal, formal process used to evaluate and select vendors	Procurement	The district released an RFP for a communication platform.
RFQ	Request for Quote, process used to obtain pricing from vendors	Procurement	Vendors responded to the RFQ with pricing.
SaaS	Software as a Service	Technology	The platform is SaaS-based.
SAML	Security Assertion Markup Language, an authentication protocol used to enable Single Sign-On (SSO) across multiple systems without requiring separate credentials.	Identity Management / Automation	The district uses SAML to enable SSO across the SIS, LMS, and communication platform.
SCIM	System for Cross-domain Identity Management, an open standard used to automate user provisioning, updates, and deprovisioning between an identity provider (IdP) and connected systems.	Identity Management / Automation	The district uses SCIM to sync user accounts from the IdP to the LMS and SIS.
SDS	School Data Sync, Microsoft tool that syncs SIS data with Microsoft 365 systems	Technology	SDS syncs student rosters into the system.
SFTP	Secure File Transfer Protocol, used for securely transferring data between systems	Technology	Data exports are transferred via SFTP.
SIS	Student Information System, central system for managing student data such as enrollment, attendance, and grades	Technology	The SIS serves as the system of record.
SMS	Short Message Service, text messaging used for school alerts and communication	Communication	The system sends alerts via SMS.
SSO	Single Sign-On, authentication method allowing access to multiple systems with one login	Security	Users access systems through SSO.
TOS	Terms of Service, agreement outlining platform usage, data handling, and responsibilities	Compliance	The district reviewed the vendor’s TOS.
TTS	Text-to-Speech, technology that converts written communication into voice messages	Communication Technology	The system uses TTS for voice messages.
UGC	User Generated Content	Technology	We can translate parent's UGC content by using AI.

K–12 Athletics Acronyms (A–Z)

School athletics comes with its own set of acronyms used in describing schedules, eligibility updates, and team communication. This list focuses on the most commonly used athletics acronyms in K–12 schools, with clear definitions and examples to help make communication easier to follow.

AD

Athletic Director, the school administrator responsible for overseeing athletic programs, schedules, and compliance.

ATH

Athlete, a multi-position designation sometimes used on sports rosters.

CIF

California Interscholastic Federation, the organization that governs high school athletics in California.

DNP

Did Not Play, a designation indicating that an athlete did not participate in a game.

ECNL

Elite Clubs National League, a competitive youth sports league often referenced in school athletics and recruiting.

ELIG

Eligibility, the status indicating whether a student meets academic and participation requirements to compete in athletics.

FHSAA

Florida High School Athletic Association, the governing body for high school athletics in Florida.

GHSA

Georgia High School Association, the organization that governs interscholastic athletics in Georgia.

GP

Games Played, a statistic indicating the number of games in which an athlete has participated.

HSAA

High School Athletic Association, a general term used for state organizations that govern high school athletics.

IHSA

Illinois High School Association, the governing body for high school athletics in Illinois.

ISL

Independent School League, a private school athletic league used in some regions.

JV

Junior Varsity, a secondary-level team typically composed of developing players.

MAPL

Mid-Atlantic Prep League, a private school athletic league in the Mid-Atlantic region.

NCAA

National Collegiate Athletic Association, the organization that regulates college athletics and eligibility rules.

NCISAA

North Carolina Independent Schools Athletic Association, the organization governing athletics for independent schools in North Carolina.

NEPSAC

New England Preparatory School Athletic Council, the governing body for many private school athletic programs in New England.

NFHS

National Federation of State High School Associations, an organization that sets rules and guidelines for high school athletics nationwide.

NIL

Name, Image, and Likeness, policies that allow athletes to earn compensation from the use of their name, image, or likeness.

PB

Personal Best, the best performance an athlete has achieved in a specific event.

PHYS

Sports Physical, a required medical clearance allowing a student to participate in athletics.

PR

Personal Record, the best result an athlete has achieved in a specific event or performance.

PTS

Points, the number of points scored by an athlete in a game.

RBIs

Runs Batted In, a baseball or softball statistic indicating how many runs a player helped score with a hit.

ROSTER

Team Roster, the official list of players assigned to a team.

SB

Stolen Bases, a baseball or softball statistic indicating how many bases a player successfully stole.

SEC

Southeastern Conference, a major collegiate athletic conference often referenced in recruiting discussions.

SOS

Strength of Schedule, a metric used to evaluate the difficulty of a team’s competition.

SPC

Southwest Preparatory Conference, a private school athletic league in Texas.

TAPPS

Texas Association of Private and Parochial Schools, the organization that governs athletics and academic competitions for many private schools in Texas.

TBD

To Be Determined, a placeholder indicating that a detail such as date or time has not yet been finalized.

TCAL

Texas Christian Athletic League, an athletic organization supporting smaller private and Christian schools in Texas.

UIL

University Interscholastic League, the organization that governs public school athletics and academic competitions in Texas.

V

Varsity, the primary competitive team representing a school.

VISAA

Virginia Independent Schools Athletic Association, the governing body for independent school athletics in Virginia.

W-L

Win–Loss Record, a statistic that summarizes the number of games a team has won and lost.

Acronym	Description	Category	Use case
AD	Athletic Director, oversees school sports programs	Athletics Operations	The AD shared an update about the game schedule.
ATH	Athlete (multi-position designation in some sports)	Athletics Programs	The player is listed as an ATH on the roster.
CIF	California Interscholastic Federation, governs high school athletics in California	Athletics Governance	The team advanced to CIF playoffs.
DNP	Did Not Play	Athletics Operations	The student was marked as DNP for the game.
ECNL	Elite Clubs National League, a competitive youth league often referenced in school athletics	Athletics Programs	Several players also compete in ECNL.
ELIG	Eligibility status for participation	Athletics Operations	Students must maintain ELIG to compete.
FHSAA	Florida High School Athletic Association	Athletics Governance	FHSAA rules apply to postseason eligibility.
GHSA	Georgia High School Association	Athletics Governance	The school follows GHSA guidelines.
GP	Games Played	Athletics Metrics	The athlete has 10 GP this season.
HSAA	High School Athletic Association (general term used by states)	Athletics Governance	The HSAA sets competition rules.
IHSA	Illinois High School Association	Athletics Governance	IHSA regulations apply to the tournament.
ISL	Independent School League (private school league, varies by state)	Athletics Governance	The team competes in the ISL.
JV	Junior Varsity, secondary-level team	Athletics Programs	The student plays on the JV team.
MAPL	Mid-Atlantic Prep League, private school athletic league	Athletics Governance	The school participates in MAPL events.
NCAA	National Collegiate Athletic Association, referenced in recruiting	Athletics Governance	Coaches discussed NCAA requirements.
NCISAA	North Carolina Independent Schools Athletic Association	Athletics Governance	The team qualified for NCISAA playoffs.
NEPSAC	New England Preparatory School Athletic Council	Athletics Governance	NEPSAC oversees postseason play.
NFHS	National Federation of State High School Associations	Athletics Governance	NFHS rules guide officiating.
NIL	Name, Image, and Likeness rights for athletes	Athletics Governance	Seniors attended a session on NIL opportunities.
PB	Personal Best	Athletics Metrics	She achieved a PB in the race.
PHYS	Required sports physical clearance	Athletics Operations	A current PHYS form is required before tryouts.
PR	Personal Record	Athletics Metrics	He set a PR in the 200 meters.
PTS	Points scored	Athletics Metrics	She scored 18 PTS in the game.
RBIs	Runs Batted In (baseball/softball)	Athletics Metrics	The player recorded 3 RBIs.
ROSTER	Official team list of players	Athletics Operations	The final roster will be posted Friday.
SB	Stolen Bases (baseball/softball)	Athletics Metrics	She had 2 SB in the game.
SEC	Southeastern Conference, often referenced in recruiting	Athletics Governance	The athlete committed to an SEC school.
SOS	Strength of Schedule	Athletics Metrics	The team improved its SOS this season.
SPC	Southwest Preparatory Conference, private school league in Texas	Athletics Governance	The team competes in the SPC.
TAPPS	Texas Association of Private and Parochial Schools	Athletics Governance	TAPPS rules apply to eligibility.
TBD	To Be Determined	Athletics Operations	The game time is TBD.
TCAL	Texas Christian Athletic League, supports smaller private schools	Athletics Governance	The school joined TCAL for competition.
UIL	University Interscholastic League, governs public school athletics in Texas	Athletics Governance	UIL rules apply across the district.
V	Varsity, primary competitive team	Athletics Programs	She earned a varsity position.
VISAA	Virginia Independent Schools Athletic Association	Athletics Governance	VISAA determines playoff eligibility.
W-L	Win-Loss record	Athletics Metrics	The team has an 8–2 W-L record.

California K–12 School Acronyms (A–Z)

If you’re working with or in a California school, you’ll encounter California-specific systems, programs, and standards that shape local decision-making, funding allocation, and family inclusion. This K12 California school acronyms list helps make sense of the landscape.

ACSA

Association of California School Administrators, an organization that supports and advocates for school leaders and administrators in California.

CAC

Community Advisory Committee, a required committee within Special Education Local Plan Areas (SELPAs) that gathers input from families and community members on special education services.

CAASPP

California Assessment of Student Performance and Progress, the statewide testing system used to measure student academic achievement.

CALPADS

California Longitudinal Pupil Achievement Data System, the statewide system used to collect and report student data for funding, accountability, and compliance.

CAIS

California Association of Independent Schools, an accrediting and support organization for independent schools in California.

CAPSO

California Association of Private School Organizations, a coalition that represents private schools in California policy and advocacy discussions.

CDE

California Department of Education, the state agency responsible for overseeing public education programs and policy in California.

COE

County Office of Education, regional agencies that provide support, services, and oversight to school districts.

DELAC

District English Learner Advisory Committee, a district-level committee that advises school districts on programs and services for English learners.

DIS

Designated Instruction and Services, specialized support services provided through an Individualized Education Program (IEP), such as speech therapy or counseling.

ELAC

English Learner Advisory Committee, a school-level committee that provides input on programs and services for English learners.

ELD

English Language Development, instructional standards and programs designed to help English learners develop language proficiency.

ELPAC

English Language Proficiency Assessments for California, the statewide assessment used to measure English learner proficiency.

GATE

Gifted and Talented Education, programs and services designed to support advanced learners through enrichment and accelerated instruction.

LCAP

Local Control and Accountability Plan, a required plan outlining district goals, actions, and spending priorities.

LCFF

Local Control Funding Formula, California’s school funding system that allocates funds based on student needs.

NPA

Nonpublic Agency, a certified private provider that delivers specialized services such as therapy or behavioral support to students with disabilities.

NPS

Nonpublic School, a private school placement used when a public school cannot meet a student’s needs as specified in the IEP.

OAH

Office of Administrative Hearings, the California agency responsible for handling special education due process hearings and legal disputes.

PSA

Private School Affidavit, an annual filing required for private schools operating in California.

RSP

Resource Specialist Program, a service model where students receive targeted academic support from a resource specialist teacher for part of the school day.

SAI

Specialized Academic Instruction, individualized instruction designed to support students with disabilities in accessing the general education curriculum.

SARC

School Accountability Report Card, an annual report that provides information about a school’s performance and programs.

SELPA

Special Education Local Plan Area, a regional consortium that coordinates special education services for participating districts.

SPSA

Single Plan for Student Achievement, a required school-level improvement plan outlining goals and strategies for student success.

SSC

School Site Council, a committee of staff, parents, and community members that oversees school plans and budgets.

WASC

Western Association of Schools and Colleges, a regional accrediting organization widely used by schools in California and the western United States.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Use case
ACSA	Association of California School Administrators (ACSA).	Organization	ACSA is the largest umbrella organization for school leaders in the United States.
CAC	Community Advisory Committee, a required group within SELPAs that provides input from families and community members on special education services and priorities	Family Engagement, Committees, and Liaison	The SELPA CAC reviewed parent feedback on special education services.
CAASPP	California Assessment of Student Performance and Progress, statewide testing system measuring student achievement	Assessment Metrics	Students participate in CAASPP testing each spring.
CALPADS	California Longitudinal Pupil Achievement Data System, statewide system used to collect and report student data for funding, accountability, and compliance	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The district submits enrollment and program data to CALPADS.
CAIS	California Association of Independent Schools, accrediting and support organization for independent schools in California	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The school is accredited through CAIS.
CAPSO	California Association of Private School Organizations, group representing private schools in state policy and advocacy	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	CAPSO provides guidance on private school regulations.
CDE	California Department of Education, state agency overseeing public education	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The CDE provides guidance on curriculum and accountability.
COE	County Office of Education, regional agencies that support districts and provide services	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The COE offers professional development for educators.
DELAC	District English Learner Advisory Committee, required district-level committee advising on services for English learners	Family Engagement, Committees, and Liaison	DELAC reviews programs supporting multilingual students.
DIS	Designated Instruction and Services, now commonly referred to as related services, includes supports such as speech therapy, counseling, or occupational therapy provided through an IEP	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives DIS services as part of the IEP.
ELAC	English Learner Advisory Committee, school-level group advising on English learner programs	Family Engagement, Committees, and Liaison	ELAC provides input on services for English learners.
ELD	English Language Development, California standards and instruction for English learners	Academic Programs	Teachers integrate ELD standards into instruction.
ELPAC	English Language Proficiency Assessments for California, test used to assess English learner proficiency	Assessment Metrics	Students take the ELPAC to measure language development.
GATE	Gifted and Talented Education, term commonly used in California to describe programs and services for advanced learners, including identification, enrichment, and accelerated instruction	Academic Programs	he district offers a GATE program to support advanced learners with enrichment and accelerated coursework.
LCAP	Local Control and Accountability Plan, required plan outlining district goals, actions, and spending	School Improvement Planning	The district shared its LCAP with families for feedback.
LCFF	Local Control Funding Formula, California’s funding system based on student needs	School Funding Programs and Grants	The district receives additional LCFF funding for high-need students.
NPA	Nonpublic Agency, a certified private provider that delivers specialized services such as therapy or behavioral support to students with disabilities	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The district contracted an NPA to provide behavioral services.
NPS	Nonpublic School, a private school placement used when a public school cannot meet a student’s needs as outlined in the IEP	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The IEP team considered an NPS placement for the student.
OAH	Office of Administrative Hearings, the California agency that handles special education due process hearings and legal disputes between families and school districts	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The case was filed with OAH for a due process hearing.
PSA	Private School Affidavit, required annual filing for private schools in California	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The school submitted its PSA to the state.
RSP	Resource Specialist Program, a service model where students receive targeted academic support from a resource specialist teacher for part of the day	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives reading support through RSP services.
SAI	Specialized Academic Instruction, individualized instruction provided to students with disabilities to support access to the general education curriculum	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives SAI for math and writing support.
SARC	School Accountability Report Card, annual report providing school performance data	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	Parents can review the SARC for school information.
SELPA	Special Education Local Plan Area, regional consortium coordinating special education services	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The district works with its SELPA to deliver services.
SPSA	Single Plan for Student Achievement, required school-level improvement plan	School Improvement Planning	The SPSA outlines goals and actions for student success.
SSC	School Site Council, committee that oversees school plans and budgets	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The SSC approved the school’s SPSA.
WASC	Western Association of Schools and Colleges, regional accrediting body used widely by California schools	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The school is preparing for its WASC accreditation review.

Florida K–12 School Acronyms (A–Z)

Florida uses several state-wide programs tied closely to student instruction and assessment. Systems such as Just Read, Florida!, Progress Monitoring and Reporting Network (PMRN), and Florida Assessments for Instruction in Reading – Florida Standards (FAIR-FS) monitor students’ reading progress. Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking (B.E.S.T.) and Florida Assessment of Student Thinking (FAST) define student expectations and assessment across the year. And how about NGSSS (Next Generation Sunshine State Standards)? The sunshine state sure loves long creative names and acronyms that come along with them!

A–F School Grades

Florida’s school accountability system, which assigns letter grades based on student performance and academic growth.

B.E.S.T.

Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking, Florida’s academic standards for English language arts and mathematics.

CPALMS

Collaborate, Plan, Align, Learn, Motivate, Share, Florida’s official platform providing access to standards, instructional resources, and tools aligned with state learning standards.

EOC

End-of-Course Exam, a state-required assessment given after completing certain high school courses.

EP

Educational Plan, a plan used in Florida for gifted students outlining services, goals, and instructional supports.

ESA

Education Savings Account, a funding model that allows families to use public funds for approved educational expenses such as tuition or tutoring.

ESE

Exceptional Student Education, Florida’s term for special education programs and services for students with disabilities.

FACCS

Florida Association of Christian Colleges and Schools, an accrediting organization supporting Christian schools in Florida.

FAESP

Florida Association of Elementary School Principals, an organization that provides leadership development and support for elementary school administrators.

FAIR-FS

Florida Assessments for Instruction in Reading – Florida Standards, a reading assessment system used to monitor student literacy progress.

FAPE

Free Appropriate Public Education, a legal requirement ensuring that students with disabilities receive appropriate educational services at no cost.

FASA

Florida Association of School Administrators, an organization supporting school leaders through advocacy, networking, and professional development.

FASSP

Florida Association of Secondary School Principals, an organization that supports middle and high school administrators.

FAST

Florida Assessment of Student Thinking, Florida’s statewide assessment system aligned with B.E.S.T. standards.

FCIS

Florida Council of Independent Schools, an accrediting and membership organization supporting independent private schools in Florida.

FCTA

Florida Classroom Teachers Association, a professional organization representing teachers and providing advocacy and legal support.

FDOE

Florida Department of Education, the state agency responsible for overseeing public education, standards, accountability, and funding.

FEA

Florida Education Association, the statewide teachers’ union that advocates for educators and public education policy.

FEFP

Florida Education Finance Program, the primary funding formula used to allocate state education funding to districts based on enrollment and student needs.

FES

Family Empowerment Scholarship, a state-funded scholarship program that provides families with options for private or specialized education.

FHSAA

Florida High School Athletic Association, the governing body for interscholastic athletics in Florida.

FPCO

Florida Private Schools Coalition, an organization that advocates for private school interests and policies in Florida.

FTE

Full-Time Equivalent, a student enrollment measurement used in Florida to determine school funding allocations.

FTC

Florida Tax Credit Scholarship, a program that provides scholarships allowing eligible students to attend private schools.

IEP

Individualized Education Program, a legally required plan outlining services, accommodations, and learning goals for students with disabilities.

Just Read, Florida!

Statewide literacy initiative, a program focused on improving reading outcomes through evidence-based instruction and early intervention.

MTSS

Multi-Tiered System of Supports, a framework used to provide academic and behavioral support through multiple levels of intervention.

NGSSS

Next Generation Sunshine State Standards, Florida’s previous academic standards still referenced in some legacy curriculum materials.

PBIS

Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, a framework used to promote positive behavior and improve school climate.

PMRN

Progress Monitoring and Reporting Network, Florida’s system used to track student reading progress and assessment data.

SAC

School Advisory Council, a school-level committee that includes parents, staff, and community members in decision-making and school improvement planning.

SBE

State Board of Education, the governing body that sets education policy and adopts academic standards in Florida.

SIP

School Improvement Plan, a required plan outlining goals and strategies to improve student outcomes.

SP&P

Statewide System of School Improvement and Performance, Florida’s framework for monitoring school accountability and performance.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Use example
A–F School Grades	Florida’s accountability system assigning letter grades based on student performance and growth	Assessment / Accountability	The school received an A grade.
B.E.S.T.	Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking, Florida’s academic standards for English language arts and math	State Learning Standards	The curriculum aligns with B.E.S.T. standards.
CPALMS	Collaborate, Plan, Align, Learn, Motivate, Share, Florida’s official platform providing access to standards, resources, and instructional tools	State Learning Standards	Teachers use CPALMS to find aligned instructional resources.
EOC	End-of-Course Exam, state-required assessment given after specific high school courses	Assessment	Students must pass the Algebra 1 EOC to graduate.
EP	Educational Plan, a plan used in Florida for gifted students outlining services and goals	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student has an EP for gifted services.
ESA	Education Savings Account, funding model allowing families to use public funds for approved educational expenses	School Funding Programs and Grants	Families use ESA funds for tuition and services.
ESE	Exceptional Student Education, Florida’s term for special education services and programs	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The student receives services through ESE.
FACCS	Florida Association of Christian Colleges and Schools, accrediting body for Christian schools in Florida	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The school maintains FACCS accreditation.
FAESP	Florida Association of Elementary School Principals, organization supporting elementary school leaders	School Operations	The principal participates in FAESP training.
FAIR-FS	Florida Assessments for Instruction in Reading – Florida Standards, reading assessment system used to monitor student progress and guide instruction	Assessment / Academic Programs	Students are assessed using FAIR-FS to track reading development.
FAPE	Free Appropriate Public Education, legal requirement ensuring students with disabilities receive appropriate services at no cost	Special Education Programs and Student Support	Services are provided under FAPE.
FASA	Florida Association of School Administrators, organization supporting school leaders through advocacy and leadership development	School Operations	The principal attended a FASA conference.
FASSP	Florida Association of Secondary School Principals, organization supporting middle and high school leaders	School Operations	The principal attended a FASSP event.
FAST	Florida Assessment of Student Thinking, statewide assessment system aligned to B.E.S.T. standards	Assessment	Students take FAST assessments during the school year.
FCIS	Florida Council of Independent Schools, accrediting and membership organization for independent private schools	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The school is accredited through FCIS.
FCTA	Florida Classroom Teachers Association, professional organization representing teachers with advocacy and legal support	School Operations	Teachers receive support through FCTA.
FDOE	Florida Department of Education, the state agency responsible for overseeing public education, standards, accountability, and funding	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The FDOE provides guidance on statewide requirements.
FEA	Florida Education Association, statewide teachers’ union advocating for educators and public education policy	School Operations	The FEA advocates for teacher support.
FEFP	Florida Education Finance Program, the primary formula used to allocate state funding to school districts based on enrollment and student needs	School Funding Programs and Grants	District funding is calculated through FEFP.
FES	Family Empowerment Scholarship, state-funded scholarship program supporting school choice including private and specialized education options	School Funding Programs and Grants	The student qualifies for FES funding.
FHSAA	Florida High School Athletic Association, governing body for interscholastic athletics across public and many private schools	Athletics Governance	The school follows FHSAA eligibility rules.
FPCO	Florida Private Schools Coalition, organization advocating for private school policy and interests	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The school participates in FPCO advocacy efforts.
FTE	Full-Time Equivalent, a student enrollment measure used in Florida to determine funding allocations	School Funding Programs and Grants	Funding is based on FTE counts.
FTC	Florida Tax Credit Scholarship, program providing scholarships for students to attend private schools	School Funding Programs and Grants	The student receives an FTC scholarship.
IEP	Individualized Education Program, a legally required plan outlining services and goals for students with disabilities	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The IEP outlines the student’s accommodations.
Just Read, Florida!	Statewide reading initiative focused on improving literacy outcomes through evidence-based instruction and early intervention	Academic Programs	Schools implement Just Read, Florida! strategies to support early literacy.
MTSS	Multi-Tiered System of Supports, framework used to provide academic and behavioral support at multiple levels	Student Support	The MTSS team reviewed the student’s progress.
NGSSS	Next Generation Sunshine State Standards, Florida’s previous academic standards still referenced in legacy curriculum and materials	State Learning Standards	Some older materials are aligned to NGSSS.
PBIS	Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, framework used to promote positive behavior and improve school climate	Student Support	The school implements PBIS to support behavior.
PMRN	Progress Monitoring and Reporting Network, Florida’s system used to track student reading progress and assessment data	Assessment / Academic Programs	Teachers use PMRN to monitor student reading growth.
SAC	School Advisory Council, school-level committee that includes parents, staff, and community members in decision-making	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The SAC reviewed school improvement goals.
SBE	State Board of Education, governing body that sets education policy and adopts standards in Florida	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The SBE approved updates to standards.
SIP	School Improvement Plan, a required plan outlining goals and strategies to improve student outcomes	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The SIP includes strategies to improve reading scores.
SP&P	Statewide System of School Improvement and Performance, Florida’s framework for monitoring school accountability and performance	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	Schools are evaluated under the SP&P framework.

Texas K–12 School Acronyms (A–Z)

Texas schools use a distinct set of standards, assessments, funding programs, and compliance frameworks. The acronyms appear in state-level curriculum planning, reporting, and teacher evaluation.

In the Lone Star State, public school students take the two STAAR tests a year that measure academic readiness. The STAAR test format is planned to be replaced by a new, more frequent assessment system beginning in 2027–2028. The new testing system will likely have a new name (and acronym), too.

ADSY

Additional Days School Year, a Texas program that provides funding to extend the school year and improve student outcomes.

ARD

Admission, Review, and Dismissal, a Texas committee responsible for determining special education services and reviewing student Individualized Education Programs.

ATPE

Association of Texas Professional Educators, an organization that provides advocacy, professional development, and support for educators in Texas.

ATSI

Additional Targeted Support and Improvement, a federal designation used in Texas accountability for schools needing additional intervention for certain student groups.

CCMR

College, Career, and Military Readiness, a Texas accountability indicator measuring how well students are prepared for postsecondary pathways.

CDC

County-District-Campus Number, a unique identifier assigned to each Texas school and district for reporting and accountability purposes.

CPE

Continuing Professional Education, required training hours that Texas educators must complete to maintain certification.

CSI

Comprehensive Support and Improvement, a federal designation for schools identified for significant improvement under accountability systems.

DIP

District Improvement Plan, a district-level plan outlining goals, strategies, and actions to improve student outcomes across campuses.

EB

Emergent Bilingual, the term used in Texas to describe students developing English language proficiency.

ELPS

English Language Proficiency Standards, Texas standards that guide instruction and language supports for English learners.

EOC

End-of-Course Exam, required Texas high school assessments tied to the STAAR testing program.

ESC

Education Service Center, regional Texas agencies that provide training, resources, and support to school districts.

FIE

Full Individual Evaluation, a comprehensive evaluation used to determine a student’s eligibility for special education services.

FSP

Foundation School Program, Texas’s primary school funding system that allocates state funds based on attendance, student needs, and program participation.

IBC

Industry-Based Certification, a credential recognized in Texas accountability systems as an indicator of college and career readiness.

ISD

Independent School District, the term used in Texas for local public school districts.

PEIMS

Public Education Information Management System, the statewide system used by Texas schools to collect and report student, staff, and financial data.

PKG

Prekindergarten Guidelines, Texas standards outlining learning expectations for pre-kindergarten students.

PPCD

Preschool Program for Children with Disabilities, a Texas public school program providing special education services for children ages three to five.

SBEC

State Board for Educator Certification, the agency responsible for overseeing teacher certification in Texas.

SHAC

School Health Advisory Council, a Texas-required advisory group that provides recommendations on health education and wellness policies.

SHARS

School Health and Related Services, a Texas Medicaid program that reimburses districts for eligible health services provided to students with disabilities.

STAAR

State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness, the standardized testing program used to measure student achievement in Texas.

TAPR

Texas Academic Performance Report, an annual report summarizing district and campus academic performance and accountability data.

TASA

Texas Association of School Administrators, an organization that provides leadership development, advocacy, and resources for school leaders.

TASB

Texas Association of School Boards, an organization that supports school board governance, training, and policy development.

TASSP

Texas Association of Secondary School Principals, an organization that provides support and professional development for secondary school leaders.

TCTA

Texas Classroom Teachers Association, an organization that provides resources, advocacy, and professional support for teachers.

TEA

Texas Education Agency, the state agency responsible for overseeing public education, accountability, and funding in Texas.

TEC

Texas Education Code, the body of state law governing public education in Texas.

TEFA

Texas Education Freedom Account, a state program that allows public funds to be used for approved educational expenses outside traditional public schools.

TEKS

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills, the statewide curriculum standards defining what students should learn in each subject and grade.

TELPAS

Texas English Language Proficiency Assessment System, the assessment used to measure English learner progress in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

TEPSA

Texas Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association, an organization that provides training, leadership development, and resources for school administrators.

TPESS

Texas Principal Evaluation and Support System, the framework used to evaluate and support school leaders in Texas.

TPRI

Texas Primary Reading Inventory, an early literacy assessment used in Texas to measure reading development in kindergarten through second grade.

TSDS

Texas Student Data System, the statewide system used to collect and manage student data.

TSI

Texas Success Initiative, a state-required college readiness assessment used to determine readiness for college-level coursework.

TSI (Federal Accountability)

Targeted Support and Improvement, a federal accountability designation used in Texas for schools with underperforming student groups.

T-TESS

Texas Teacher Evaluation and Support System, the framework used to evaluate and support teacher performance.

Acronym	Definition	Category	Use case
ADSY	Additional Days School Year, Texas program that provides funding for extending the school year to improve student outcomes	State Funding	The district implemented ADSY to provide extra instructional days.
ARD	Admission, Review, and Dismissal, Texas committee that determines special education services	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The ARD committee met to review the student’s IEP.
ATPE	Association of Texas Professional Educators, organization that provides professional development and advocacy for educators	School Operations	Teachers can access PD resources through ATPE.
ATSI	Additional Targeted Support and Improvement, federal designation used in Texas accountability requiring additional intervention for student group performance	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The district monitored ATSI campuses for progress and compliance.
CCMR	College, Career, and Military Readiness, indicator used in Texas accountability to measure students’ preparedness after high school	Assessment / Accountability	The school improved its CCMR score through dual credit and certifications.
CDC	County-District-Campus number, unique identifier assigned to each Texas school and district for reporting and accountability	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The campus was identified in reports by its CDC number.
CPE	Continuing Professional Education, required training hours for maintaining teacher certification in Texas	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	Teachers must complete CPE hours to renew certification.
CSI	Comprehensive Support and Improvement, federal designation applied within Texas accountability for schools identified for significant improvement	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The campus was identified for CSI and must implement a turnaround plan.
DIP	District Improvement Plan (district-level plan that outlines goals, strategies, and actions to improve student outcomes across all campuses; aligns with state accountability requirements)	Planning / Compliance	The DIP outlines district-wide priorities for improving student achievement.
EB	Emergent Bilingual, term used in Texas to describe students developing English proficiency	Academic Programs	Teachers used EB strategies to support language development.
ELPS	English Language Proficiency Standards, Texas standards guiding instruction for English learners	Academic Programs	Teachers integrate ELPS into daily instruction for multilingual learners.
EOC	End-of-Course, required Texas high school exams tied to STAAR	Assessment Metrics	Students must pass EOC exams to meet graduation requirements.
ESC	Education Service Center, regional Texas agencies that provide training and support to school districts	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	Teachers attend training sessions through their regional ESC.
FIE	Full Individual Evaluation, comprehensive assessment used in Texas to determine eligibility for special education services	Special Education Programs and Student Support	The school conducted an FIE before determining eligibility for services.
FSP	Foundation School Program (Texas school funding system that determines how state funds are allocated to districts based on attendance, student needs, and program participation)	State Funding	District funding is allocated through the FSP based on ADA and program weights.
IBC	Industry-Based Certification, credential recognized in Texas accountability as part of college and career readiness indicators	Academic Programs / Postsecondary Readiness	Students earned an IBC in welding as part of their program.
ISD	Independent School District, term used in Texas for local public school districts	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	Denton ISD serves students in the local area.
PEIMS	Public Education Information Management System, statewide system used by Texas schools to collect and report student, staff, and financial data for funding, accountability, and compliance \| School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The district submits attendance, enrollment, and program data through PEIMS.
PKG	Prekindergarten Guidelines, Texas standards outlining learning expectations for Pre-K students	Academic Programs	The curriculum follows Texas PKG for early learning.
PPCD	Preschool Program for Children with Disabilities, a public school program in Texas that provides special education services to children ages 3–5 with identified disabilities	Special Education (Early Childhood)	The student is enrolled in a PPCD program to receive early intervention and support before entering kindergarten.
SBEC	State Board for Educator Certification, agency that oversees teacher certification in Texas	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	SBEC sets certification requirements for educators.
SHAC	School Health Advisory Council, Texas-required advisory group for health education and wellness policies	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	SHAC reviewed updates to the district’s health curriculum.
SHARS	School Health and Related Services, a Texas Medicaid program that reimburses school districts for providing eligible health and related services (such as therapy, nursing, and evaluations) to students with disabilities	State Program / Funding / Special Education	The district submits SHARS claims to receive Medicaid reimbursement for eligible student services.
STAAR	State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness, standardized test used to measure student achievement	Assessment Metrics	Students take the STAAR test each spring.
TAPR	Texas Academic Performance Report, annual report summarizing district and campus performance	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	Parents can review TAPR for school performance data.
TASA	Texas Association of School Administrators, organization providing leadership development and conferences	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The superintendent attended the TASA Midwinter Conference.
TASB	Texas Association of School Boards, organization supporting school board governance and training	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	Board members completed training through TASB.
TASSP	Texas Association of Secondary School Principals, organization supporting secondary school leaders	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The assistant principal attended the TASSP workshop.
TCTA	Texas Classroom Teachers Association, organization providing resources and advocacy for teachers	School Operations	The teacher attended a TCTA workshop.
TEA	Texas Education Agency, state agency overseeing public education in Texas	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	TEA provides guidance on state requirements.
TEC	Texas Education Code, state law governing public education in Texas	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	District policies must align with the Texas Education Code (TEC).
TEFA	Texas Education Freedom Account, state program allowing public funds to be used for approved educational expenses outside traditional public schools. Applications opened February 4, 2026 for 2026–27.	School Funding Programs and Grants	Families can use TEFA funds for tuition and approved services.
TEKS	Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills, statewide curriculum standards defining what students should learn	State Standards	Teachers align lessons to TEKS for each subject and grade level.
TELPAS	Texas English Language Proficiency Assessment System, assessment used to measure English learner progress in listening, speaking, reading, and writing	Assessment Metrics	Students take TELPAS each year to measure English proficiency growth.
TEPSA	Texas Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association, organization providing training and resources for school leaders	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The principal participated in a TEPSA leadership session.
TPESS	Texas Principal Evaluation and Support System, framework used to evaluate school leaders	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The principal was evaluated using TPESS criteria.
TPRI	Texas Primary Reading Inventory, early literacy assessment used in Texas to measure reading development in K–2 students	Assessment Metrics	Teachers administer TPRI to monitor early reading skills and progress.
TSDS	Texas Student Data System, statewide system for collecting and managing student data	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	Attendance and grades are reported through TSDS.
TSI	Texas Success Initiative (state-required college readiness assessment used to determine whether students are prepared for college-level coursework in reading, writing, and math)	Assessment / Postsecondary Readiness	Students must meet TSI requirements before enrolling in dual credit courses.
TSI (Federal Accountability)	Targeted Support and Improvement, federal designation used in Texas accountability for schools with underperforming student groups	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The school was identified for TSI due to performance gaps among student groups.
T-TESS	Texas Teacher Evaluation and Support System, framework used to evaluate and support teacher performance	School Planning, Compliance, and Policy	The teacher received feedback through TTESS observations.

Looking for a complete list of Texas education acronyms? The Texas Education Agency (TEA) maintains a full glossary with all official terms. Visit the page.

Additional Acronyms in K–12 (A–Z)

Acronym	Definition	Category	Use case
ACRE	Assessment of Children/Youth Religious Education (national religion assessment used in Catholic schools)	Assessment	Students in grades 5 and 8 take the ACRE.
CRE	Coordinator of Religious Education (staff member supporting and organizing religious education programs)	Staff / Leadership	The CRE coordinates student preparation and scheduling.
DRE	Director of Religious Education (school or parish-based leader overseeing religion instruction and programs)	Staff / Leadership	The DRE shared updates on the religion curriculum.
ECC	Early Childhood Center (or Early Childhood Campus)	Program / School Type	The child attends the ECC for Pre-K and early learning programs.
ECE	Early Childhood Education	Program	The school offers ECE programs for young learners.
ES	Elementary School	School Level	The student attends Lincoln ES.
ESP	Education Support Professional, school staff who provide essential services such as paraprofessionals, clerical staff, custodians, transportation, and food services	School Operations	The district recognized an ESP of the Year for outstanding support to students and staff.
FAFSA	Financial aid application	Postsecondary	Families complete the FAFSA.
FTE	Full-Time Equivalent	Administration	Staffing is measured in FTE.
HS	High School	School Level	The student will transition to HS next year.
IPR	In-Progress Report	Academic Reporting	Parents received an IPR.
KPI	Key Performance Indicator	Administration	Attendance is tracked as a KPI.
LEA	Local Education Agency, typically a school district or public authority responsible for operating schools and implementing policies locally	Governance	The LEA oversees district schools.
MOOC	Massive Open Online Course	Online Learning	Students explored a MOOC.
MS	Middle School	School Level	She will start MS in the fall.
PLC	Professional Learning Community	Staff	The PLC meets weekly.
PK	Pre-Kindergarten	School Level	The child is enrolled in PK this year.
PTC	Parent-Teacher Conference	Engagement	Families attend PTC meetings.
TA	Teacher Assistant	Staff / Support	The TA helps the teacher manage classroom activities.

ACRE

Assessment of Children/Youth Religious Education, a national assessment used in many Catholic schools to measure students’ understanding of religious education.

CRE

Coordinator of Religious Education, a staff member who supports and organizes religious education programs.

DRE

Director of Religious Education, a school or parish-based leader responsible for overseeing religion instruction and programs.

ECC

Early Childhood Center, a school campus or program that serves young children, often including preschool and pre-kindergarten.

ECE

Early Childhood Education, educational programs designed for young learners before kindergarten.

ES

Elementary School, the school level typically serving students in kindergarten through fifth or sixth grade.

ESP

Education Support Professional, school staff who provide essential services such as paraprofessionals, clerical staff, custodians, transportation personnel, and food service staff.

FAFSA

Free Application for Federal Student Aid, the form used by families to apply for federal financial aid for college.

FTE

Full-Time Equivalent, a staffing or enrollment measure used to represent the workload of employees or the enrollment level of students.

HS

High School, the school level typically serving students in grades nine through twelve.

IPR

In-Progress Report, a report provided during a grading period to inform families about a student’s academic progress.

KPI

Key Performance Indicator, a measurable value used to evaluate the success of a program, organization, or initiative.

LEA

Local Education Agency, a public authority, usually a school district, responsible for operating schools and implementing education policies locally.

MOOC

Massive Open Online Course, an online course designed for large-scale participation and open access through the internet.

MS

Middle School, the school level typically serving students in grades six through eight.

PLC

Professional Learning Community, a group of educators who collaborate regularly to improve instruction and student learning.

PK

Pre-Kindergarten, an early education program for children before they enter kindergarten.

PTC

Parent-Teacher Conference, a meeting between teachers and families to discuss a student’s academic progress and development.

TA

Teacher Assistant, a staff member who supports teachers by helping manage classroom activities and assisting students.

Why Are Acronyms So Popular in K–12 Education?

Acronyms have been widely used across government, military, and large organizations for decades as a way to simplify complex language and communicate more efficiently. In the United States especially, agencies and programs often have long formal names, and acronyms became a practical shorthand for everyday use.

The intention of acronyms is to make it easier to refer to complex programs, laws, and processes quickly. In K–12 education, initiatives such as IEP, MTSS, and ESSA have long, formal names; their acronyms enable educators to communicate more efficiently in daily work.

Federal programs, state requirements, and specialized services shape and support education programs, each with its own terminology. Acronyms have become a form of shorthand across schools and districts.

What works as shorthand within schools does not always translate into clear communication for families.

However, what works as shorthand for educators can confuse families. Without clear definitions and context, acronyms can make communication harder to understand, especially for new or ESL families.

Reducing Jargon From Family Communication

How District and School Leaders Can Turn School Jargon into Clear Family Communication

District and school leaders use their own internal lingo and benchmarks to evaluate and plan school policies and practices. When communicating with families, leaders can ensure that all acronyms are explained to parents in clear, easily translated language.

Topic	What Leader Might Say in a Staff Meeting	What to Say to Families
Planning & Goals	“We need to update the SIP before the board review.”	“We’re updating our school improvement plan to better support student learning this year.”
Accountability	“Our AYP targets weren’t met in reading.”	“We’re focusing on improving reading outcomes based on last year’s results.”
Funding	“This will be funded through Title I.”	“We’re using federal funding to provide additional academic support for students.”
Assessment	“We’re reviewing STAAR and EOC performance trends.”	“We’re reviewing student test results to see where extra support is needed.”
Data & Reporting	“Let’s pull the PEIMS data for enrollment trends.”	“We’re reviewing enrollment data to plan staffing and resources.”
Leadership & Instruction	“The ILT will align on instructional priorities.”	“Our school leadership team is working together to improve classroom instruction.”
Compliance	“We need to ensure FERPA compliance on this.”	“We’re making sure student information stays private and protected.”
Programs & Services	“This will go through MTSS Tier 2 support.”	“We’re providing additional support to help your child succeed in this area.”
Family Engagement	“We’ll bring this to the DAC for input.”	“We’re gathering input from families and community members before making decisions.”
Operations	“We need BOE approval before moving forward.”	“The school board will review and approve this before we move ahead.”

How Teachers Can Remove Jargon to Communicate Clearly with Parents

Teachers need to make professional observations for classroom management and to record student progress. Assessment and plans are easier to record with precise language. When communicating with parents, rather than quickly providing these notes, it’s helpful to pause to reflect that parents will recognize the purpose behind these acronyms and how the programs and collaboration support their child.

Topic	What Teacher Might Observe and Note	What to Say to Parents
Instruction & Support	“He’s Tier 2 right now.”	“He’s getting some extra support in small groups to strengthen his skills.”
Intervention Process	“Let’s bring this to MTSS.”	“We’ll review this with our support team to decide the best next steps.”
Student Plans	“She’s on a 504.”	“She has a plan that provides accommodations to support her learning.”
Intervention Process	“That’s an RTI case.”	“We’re monitoring progress and adding support to help her catch up.”
Collaboration	“Add it to the PLC agenda.”	“I’ll bring this up with our teaching team so we can support her together.”
Assessment	“His Lexile is below grade level.”	“He’s still building reading skills, and we’re working on that step by step.”
Assessment	“Her DRA went up two levels.”	“She’s making great progress in reading and moving to more advanced books.”
Behavior Support	“He has a BIP.”	“We’re using a structured plan to support positive behavior at school.”
Special Education	“This will go into the IEP goals.”	“We’re setting specific learning goals to support her progress.”
Progress Monitoring	“We’re collecting CBM data weekly.”	“We’re checking progress regularly to make sure the support is working.”
Lesson Planning	“I’m using UDL for this lesson.”	“I’m designing lessons so all students can access and engage with the material.”
Instruction	“We need more DI here.”	“I’m adjusting how I teach so it better fits your child’s learning needs.”

How to Get Buy-in for Family Engagement with Clear Communication

School leaders are experts in acronyms – the challenge is to reflect on how to move from institutional language that reinforces hierarchies to a warm, communicative style that builds real family partnerships.

Topic	What to Note at School	How to Communicate the Need to Families
Planning & Requirements	Title I, SIP, or LCAP requires documented family input	“We’re planning for the upcoming year and would value your input as part of this process.”
Events & Participation	Low turnout at family engagement events or PAC meetings	“We’re looking at ways to make events more useful and easier for families to attend—your feedback helps.”
Communication Gaps	Information shared via LMS, email, or SIS may not reach all families	“We want to make sure this information reached you—please let us know the best way to stay in touch.”
Decision Input	Input needed through DAC, ELAC, or SSC before decisions are finalized	“We’d like your input before we move forward with this decision.”
Committees & Roles	Participation needed for PTA, PTO, or advisory committees	“Families are invited to participate and help shape this work.”
Student Support	MTSS, RTI, or Tier 2/3 support requires coordination with families	“We’d like to work together to support your child both at school and at home.”
Academic Progress	PTCs scheduled to review progress, often alongside DRA, Lexile, or MAP data	“Let’s meet to talk about your child’s progress and next steps.”
Multilingual Communication	ELAC/DELAC expectations and ELD/EL programs require accessible communication	“We want to communicate with you in the language you’re most comfortable using.”
Feedback & Surveys	Required family feedback tied to Title I or LCAP reporting	“Your feedback helps us improve—what’s working and what could be better?”
Ongoing Engagement	Ongoing engagement tracked across programs and compliance requirements	“We look forward to staying connected and working together throughout the year.”

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Meri Kuusi-Shields

Meri Kuusi-Shields is the product designer and co-founder of School Signals. She has over two decades of experience in the digital space, with the past decade focused on community networks. She brings insightful perspectives to school communication and family engagement.

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300+ Acronyms Used in K–12 Education: Definitions and Examples

Table of Contents

Special Education and Student Support Acronyms (A–Z)

Report Card Acronyms and Abbreviations — Abreviaturas y acrónimos en las boletas escolares (A—Z)

Academic Programs and Assessments Acronyms (A–Z)

Student Safety and Discipline Acronyms (A–Z)

English Learner and Multilingual Education Acronyms (A–Z)

Reading Level Acronyms (A–Z)

Teaching Methods & Learning Programs (A–Z)

Family Engagement, Committees, and Liaison Acronyms (A–Z)

Major U.S. K–12 Education Laws (Historical Overview)

National Education Organizations (A–Z)

School Planning, Compliance, and Policy Acronyms (A–Z)

School Improvement Planning Acronyms

School Funding Programs and Grants (A–Z)

Federal Reporting & Accountability Acronyms in Education (A–Z)

Teacher Professional Development Acronyms (A–Z)

Education Technology Acronyms (A–Z)

K–12 Athletics Acronyms (A–Z)

California K–12 School Acronyms (A–Z)

Florida K–12 School Acronyms (A–Z)

Texas K–12 School Acronyms (A–Z)

Additional Acronyms in K–12 (A–Z)

Why Are Acronyms So Popular in K–12 Education?

Reducing Jargon From Family Communication

How District and School Leaders Can Turn School Jargon into Clear Family Communication

How Teachers Can Remove Jargon to Communicate Clearly with Parents

How to Get Buy-in for Family Engagement with Clear Communication

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